Total monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition by chestnut honey, pollen and propolis

Abstract

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors are generally used in the treatment of depressive disorders and some neurodegenerative illnesses, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this preliminary study was to investigate the MAO [MAO (E.C.1.4.3.4)] inhibiting effect of various apitherapeutic products, such as chestnut honey, pollen and propolis. Extracts' MAO inhibition was measured using peroxidase-linked spectrophotometric assay in enzyme isolated from rat liver microsomes, and the values are expressed as the inhibition concentration (IC 50 ) causing 50% inhibition of MAO. The antioxidant activity of the bee products was also determined in terms of total phenolic content (TPC) and ferric reducing/ antioxidant power in aquatic extracts. All samples exhibited substantial inhibition of MAO, propolis having the highest. Inhibition was related to samples' TPCs and antioxidant capacities. These results show that bee products possess a sedative effect and may be effective in protecting humans against depression and similar diseases.

Honey as an apitherapic product: its inhibitory effect on urease and xanthine oxidase

“…The great majority of these compounds that give rise to the true quality of honey are phenolic structure molecules, phenolic acids, flavanols, pro-anthocyanins and tannins that determine the aroma, taste and sensory characteristics of honey 34,35 . These secondary metabolites possess not only anti-oxidant activities, but also anti-microbial, anti-tumoral, and anti-inflammatory functions [36][37][38] . yCorrelation is significant at the 0.01 level (two-tailed).…”

Antioxidative Effect of Turkish Chestnut Bee Pollen on Dna Oxidation System and Its Phenolic Compounds

“…Sample solutions were scanned every 10 min along a time range of 1 hour at a range of 200-400 nm. (Yildiz et al, 2013b). And also the total phenolic contents of chestnut bee pollen determined by the FC method were 28.87±2.48 mg of GAE per g DW (Yildiz et al, 2013a) and 52.12±2.14 mg of GAE per g of sample (Yildiz et al, 2013b).…”

“…(Yildiz et al, 2013b). And also the total phenolic contents of chestnut bee pollen determined by the FC method were 28.87±2.48 mg of GAE per g DW (Yildiz et al, 2013a) and 52.12±2.14 mg of GAE per g of sample (Yildiz et al, 2013b). When the antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content values were compared to these literatures, these antioxidant capacity values are higher than our results but the total phenolic content values are found to be similar due to different sample preparation and extraction conditions.…”

Investigation of the inhibitory properties of some phenolic standards and bee products against human carbonic anhydrase I and II

“…Rhododendron honey is also known as 'mad honey' since it contains the toxic compounds andromedotoxin, acetylandromedol, rhodotoxin species, polyhydroxylated cyclic diterpenes, and grayanotoxin, a diterpene and polyhydroxylated cyclic hydrocarbon that does not contain nitrogen 21,28 . Natural compounds and natural extracts exhibit many biological activities, such as inhibition and activation of some clinically important enzymes, such as hCA, urease, acetylcholine esterase, xanthine oxidase, monoamine oxidase, and hyaluronidase 10,27,[29][30][31] . In this study, we measured the inhibition effect on hCAI and hCAII of various bee products and phenolic standards and compared the results with acetazolamide and sulfonamide inhibitors (Table 3).…”