Total Nondialyzable Solids (Tnds) in Human Urine. Xiii. Immunological Detection of a Component Peculiar to Renal Calculous Matrix and to Urine of Calculous Patients*

Inhibitors and Promoters of Stone Formation

“…This was based on the finding that urinary proteins bind calcium (21) and can induce calcification in vitro (22) under certain conditions. Furthermore, proteins are increased in amount (22,23) and are qualitatively different (24,25) in urine samples from stone-formers than in that from normal people. Such an activating theory was invoked to account for the close morphological relation existing between the matrix and the mineral in the stones (26,27).…”

Glycosaminoglycans, proteins, and stone formation: adult themes and child’s play

“…Human serum albumin and ct-and [3-globulins were specifically detected by Boyce et al [27] in 1962. Boyce and Garvey [23] also reported the presence of Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein (THG), which they called "uromucoid," but the finding was called into doubt by the absence from matrix of sialic acid, which forms the side chains of THG [74].…”

“…Matrix is obstinately difficult to dissolve: three-quarters of the material released by demineralization of stones by EDTA treatment remains as an undissolved precipitate [27], and this hampered past attempts to identify its component macromolecules. The interpretation of findings was also complicated by the recognition that alterations to the molecular structure of the matrix macromolecules could occur during their initial deposition in the stone structure, as well as during their storage and isolation [28].…”

Resolution of Proteins in the Kidney Stone Matrix Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

“…Matrix substance A [17][18][19] and Tamm-Horsfall gly coprotein (T-H-GP) [2,4,20] are well known as the gly coproteins present in both urine and kidney stones. Boyce et al [17] used a 72-to 96-hour period of décalcification (for matrix solubilization) in a 5 % EDTA solution for the isolation of matrix substance A.…”

“…Boyce et al [17] used a 72-to 96-hour period of décalcification (for matrix solubilization) in a 5 % EDTA solution for the isolation of matrix substance A. They reported that this glycoprotein material has a molecular weight of 30,000 to 40,000, and that the protein component, which accounts for two thirds of the molecular weight, contains 18 amino acids, of which asparagic and glutamic acids are in the highest concentrations [18], A recent study using a 2-to 4-week décalcification period and an unspecified EDTA concentration has demonstrated that under these condi tions of antigen preparation not 1 but 3-4 antigenic sub stances were detected in the urine of patients with uro lithiasis [21].…”