Total ozone decrease at South Pole, Antarctica, 1964‐1985

Komhyr, W. D.; Grass, R. D.; Leonard, R. K.

doi:10.1029/gl013i012p01248

Cited by 50 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…GARDINER and SHANKLIN (1986) showed that the decrease continued up to 1985. Similar changes were reported for Syowa (69~ 39~ and at the South Pole (CHUBACHI and KAJIWARA, 1986;KOMHYR et ,al., 1986;BOJKOV, 1986a,b). For the Argentine Islands (65~ 64~ FARMAN et al (1985) reported changes similar to those at Halley Bay but much smaller in magnitude.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Extension of Antarctic ozone hole to lower latitudes in the South-American region

Kane

1991

PAGEOPH

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Abstract--A comparison of monthly mean values of total ozone at South Pole, Buenos Aires (Argentina), Cachoeira Paulista and Natal (Brazil), and Huaneayo (Peru) revealed that whereas South Pole showed an ozone depletion of ~45% in October 1987 (as compared to October, 1977), Buenos Aires showed a small decrease (~ 10%) while the other locations showed very small decreases (1-2%).When daily values are considered, the Antarctic ozone hole of October 1987 seems to have caused 10% depletion at Buenos Aires and ~5% at Natal and Huancayo in December 1987. However, a large part of this is normal seasonal variation, except at Huancayo, where a residual effect of ~5% depletion in December 1987 remains. The QBO effects (5-8% changes in the ozone level in 2-3 years) could cause 10-15% fluctuations in solar UVB on the ground on clear-sky days and could be a possible health hazard unless factors like cloudiness reduce the UVB intensities.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Extension of Antarctic ozone hole to lower latitudes in the South-American region

Kane

1991

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“…The relative contributions to polar vortex stability by ozone-related heating and ENSO-and QBO-induced changes in atmospheric circulation are difficult to assess. It is worth noting, however, that large differences in the time of springtime stratospheric warming in Antarctica are evident in records dating back to the early 1960s [Komhyr et al, 1986], a time when destruction of ozone by chlorine trace gas species was presumably negligible.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

Total ozone, ozone vertical distributions, and stratospheric temperatures at South Pole, Antarctica, in 1986 and 1987

Komhyr¹,

Grass²,

Reitelbach³

et al. 1989

J. Geophys. Res.

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Ozone and temperatures measured in 1986 and 1987 at South Pole, Antarctica, are compared, with emphasis on observations made at the time of formation of the Antarctica ozone hole. In early October 1987, total ozone decreased at South Pole to a record low of 127 Dobson units (DU), compared with the early October 1986 value of 158 DU. Electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozonesonde soundings made during both years showed the ozone depletion at 11–23 km in 1987 to be greater in vertical extent and magnitude and to proceed more rapidly. As in 1986, two exponential ozone decrease rates occurred in 1987 at 17±1 km, with half‐lives of 19.5 and 4.5 days (compared with half‐lives of 35 and 12 days observed in 1986). By early October 1987, nearly all ozone was depleted from a 4‐km‐thick atmospheric layer centered at 17 km. At the time of ozone hole formation, stratospheric temperatures were colder, but tropospheric temperatures were warmer, in 1987 compared to 1986. Because polar vortex breakdown occurred 3 weeks later in 1987 than it did in 1986, stratospheric temperatures in the heart of the ozone depletion region were 10°–40°C colder in mid‐ to late November 1987.

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“…Recent measurements have characterized the environment of the polar stratosphere, which correlates to the large depletion of ozone in the austral spring. The specific conditions they found are: low temperatures which produce polar stratospheric clouds (PSC's), large concentrations of chlorine oxides, and the appearance of sunlight needed to drive photochemical reactions [l, 21. Field observations found that the ozone decrease displayed a temporal correlation with increasing concentration of atmospheric chlorine [3,4]. In this paper we reexamine the gas phase and heterogeneous photoreactivity of chlorine dioxide, OC10.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopy and Photochemistry of Chlorine Dioxide

Vaida

Richard

Jefferson

et al. 1992

Ber Bunsenges Phys Chem

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Clusters Molecular Interactions J Photochemistry J Spectroscopy, UltravioletThe photoreactivity of chlorine dioxide excited in the near ultraviolet is reexamined in this paper. The results of this study are used to evaluate the possible role that the photochemistry of OClO may play in polar ozone depletion. -The study reported here involves high resolution spectroscopic and photofragment experiments of isolated gas phase OClO and of OClO clustered with water. The results show that excitation in the near ultraviolet of the A(2A2) + X('B,) transition leads to both dissociation to form vibrationally excited C10 and 0, and to rearrangement which ultimately leads to C1 and 02. Formation of CI and O2 may contribute to catalytic polar ozone depletion. The mechanism and quantum yield for these two photoreactions are discussed. The quantum yields for the two excited state reactions are very sensitive to perturbations by intermolecular interactions. The heterogeneous photoreactivity of OClO is probed in (HzO), clusters. Bcr. Bunscnges. Phys. Chum. 96 (1992) No. 3 CC? VCH Verlagsgesellschoft mhH. W-6940 Weinheini, 1992 0005-9021/92/0303-0391 $3.50 + .2S/O

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Total ozone decrease at South Pole, Antarctica, 1964‐1985

Cited by 50 publications

References 3 publications

Extension of Antarctic ozone hole to lower latitudes in the South-American region

Extension of Antarctic ozone hole to lower latitudes in the South-American region

Total ozone, ozone vertical distributions, and stratospheric temperatures at South Pole, Antarctica, in 1986 and 1987

Spectroscopy and Photochemistry of Chlorine Dioxide

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