Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon in Selected Fish of Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq

Al‐Saad, Hamid T.; Al-Ali, Balqees S.; Al-Anber, Luma J.; <, Dahfar D. Al-Khion; Hantoush, A.A.; Saleh, Seyed; Alaial, A.H.

doi:10.5376/ijms.2017.07.0001

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The fish muscle TPHs concentrations reported in samples from the marine biota of Saudi Arabia and other sites with similar properties are presented in Table 6. The TPHs levels in fish species reported herein were significantly lower than those found by Afifi et al [72] (10-156 µg g −1 dw) in marine fish samples obtained from the same locality, and lower than the results reported in fish samples from Shatt Al-Arab River (5.12-21.52 µg g −1 dw) [73]. However, lower TPHs concentrations were reported in Grouper tissue samples from the Northern Persian Gulf (Table 6).…”

Section: Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Concentrations In Tissuescontrasting

confidence: 79%

Assessment of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination of the Red Sea with Endemic Fish from Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) as Bioindicator of Aquatic Environmental Pollution

Jamoussi

Chakroun

Al-Mur

2022

Water

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The aim of this study was to determine whether endemic coral fish commonly consumed by Jeddah residents could serve as bioindicators of oil contamination. In addition, we planned to investigate the relationship between amino acid changes and hydrocarbon concentrations in fish tissue. The composition of amino acids was analyzed using high-pressure liquid chromatography with precolumn derivatization. An analytical study of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and total petroleum hydrocarbons was conducted by combining gas chromatography with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied using Statgraphics software to determine the impact of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and total petroleum hydrocarbons on the amino acid profile of three species of fish. In addition, the bioconcentration factor was estimated in the studied species and was used to validate the results obtained from the multivariate analysis. Based on the results of the study, the sum of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with two cycles, and with five to six cycles, is in reverse order in Plectropomus pessuliferus with respect to Epinephelus tauvina and Cephalopholis argus. The factor analysis showed high factor scores for aspartic acid, glutamic acid, tyrosine, chrysene, and total petroleum hydrocarbons, and for lipids and benzo(g,h,i)perylene, which could be explained by bioaccumulation. It was concluded that the high proportions of glutamic acid (8.32–11.10%) and aspartic acid (6.06–8.27%) in the muscles of the studied species are a sign of contamination with petroleum hydrocarbons. The incremental lifetime cancer risk values for the three endemic fish exceeded the limit value (>10−5), indicating a high potential cancer risk for the Saudi population.

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Section: Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Concentrations In Tissuescontrasting

confidence: 79%

Assessment of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination of the Red Sea with Endemic Fish from Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) as Bioindicator of Aquatic Environmental Pollution

Jamoussi

Chakroun

Al-Mur

2022

Water

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“…As for the nickel element and its high concentrations in nearby wells especially in well W1, it may be due to the geological nature of the Earth (Kattab and Taqah, 2005) or may be the result of industrial pollutants in the region (Alkam and Kazem, 2011) represented by the southern refineries and their effluents of liquid and solid wastes. The reason for the high concentrations of nickel may be the pollution of the region with oil, which can be used as evidence of oil pollution (Al-Saad, 1983) and because rain is a source of nourishing groundwater and the transport of pollutants from the soil and the surface due to the high permeability of the soil of Al-Zubair (Al-Ubaidi and Salman, 2011) may be due to high concentrations in winter and low in autumn, while cadmium reached its highest rate in the spring of 2016 in well W1 and its lowest value in well W8 in summer 2016, may be due to concentrations of cadmium increased in spring and decreased in summer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Trace Elements Lead, Nickel and Cadmium in Ground Water from Wells near Southern Refineries, Basrah-Iraq

Younus

Al-Khafaji

2021

MJMS

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The current study was conducted to estimate the concentrations of three trace elements; nickel, lead and cadmium in the groundwater of eight wells, the six wells from w1 to w6 were close to the refineries at about half a kilometer to three kilometers and w7 and w8 wells were about 12.5 km away from the area (control wells) in the surrounding area of Southern Refineries (Al-Shuaiba), Al-Zubair district, Basrah Governorate, southern Iraq. Water samples were collected quarterly. The highest concentrations of lead was 0.933 μg/l in well W1 in spring whereas the minimum concentration of the lead was 0.208 μg/l in well W7 in summer while the rates of nickel concentrations ranged between the highest concentration of 0.445 μg/l in well W1 in winter and the lowest concentration 0.055 μg/l in well W8 during the fall. Cadmium recorded the highest concentration of 0.496 μg/l in well W3 in spring while the lowest concentration was 0.053 μg/l in well W8 in summer. It was concluded from the study that the oil refineries have a significant impact on pollution events. The hydrocarbon pollutants in the nearby wells water originated from these refineries.

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“…One large class of chemical compounds, known as hydrocarbons, have carbon and hydrogen as its basic building blocks, along with a variety of heteroatoms like oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, sulfur, and others. Aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic compounds are the three main classes that can be used to categorize the hydrocarbon molecules [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments core from Tigris, Euphrates and Shatt Al-Arab rivers

Salem

Mohammed

Al‐Saad

2022

TAPR

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Due to the important area of the Tigris, Euphrates and Shatt Al-Arab rivers in Iraq, and the effect of pollutant to theses rivers, the object of study is the origin and sources of PAHs compounds in sediment core samples which collected in 2021 from six important stations that are (Tigris1, Tigris2, Euphrates1, Euphrates2, Shatt Al-Arab1, and Shatt Al-Arab2). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzes by using capillary gas chromatography. The results of PAHs shown in two pattern low and high molecular weight. The total PAHs ranged between 79.141 ng/g at station No. 6 to 3.830 ng/g at station No. 3. The rush to develop industries across the globe accelerates environmental damage brought on by many contaminants, including PAHs. Organic compounds in the PAHs class have two or more aromatic rings. PAHs can be pyrogenic, petrogenic, or biogenic depending on how they develop. Pyrogenic PAHs are produced when various fuels, oil and gas, waste, or other organic materials like fume from oil industries in the area. The investigation showed two patterns of sources petrogenic and pyrogenic with the petrogenic source predominating according to the ratios (low molecular weight/high molecular weight), anthracene/(anthracene+phenanthrene) and fluoranthene/(fluoranthene+pyrene). Additionally, findings indicated that sediment pollution is of a moderate pollution. By adhering to sedimentary particles, PAHs get into the sediments. Based on the physicochemical characteristics of each fraction and the surrounding environment, sediments also serve as a source for some contaminants that re-enter the water column. Lighter PAHs predominated in water samples, while heavier compounds predominated in sediment samples, according to several studies. In addition, it is difficult to remove the high concentrations of PAHs in riverine sediments brought on by industrial activity. While other research indicated significant PAHs pollution in a variety of global environments. Due to the fact that such research helps to lessen the obvious shortage of information regarding such pollutants in Iraqi rivers, this study gives as the baselines for coming research.

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Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon in Selected Fish of Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination of the Red Sea with Endemic Fish from Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) as Bioindicator of Aquatic Environmental Pollution

Assessment of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination of the Red Sea with Endemic Fish from Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) as Bioindicator of Aquatic Environmental Pollution

Determination of Trace Elements Lead, Nickel and Cadmium in Ground Water from Wells near Southern Refineries, Basrah-Iraq

Origin and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments core from Tigris, Euphrates and Shatt Al-Arab rivers

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