Total Temperature Measurements Using a Rearward Facing Probe in Supercool Liquid Droplet and Ice Crystal Clouds

Agui, Juan H.; Struk, Peter M.; Bartkus, Tadas P.

doi:10.2514/6.2018-3970

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A comparison between the commercial off the shelf total air temperature sensor and the in-house rearward facing probe cloud-on air temperature and specific humidity are reported in Ref. [22]. For particle sizing, only the curve fits to the initially-processed data are described.…”

Section: Cloud Characterization and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Update on the NASA Glenn Propulsion Systems Lab Icing and Ice Crystal Cloud Characterization - 2017

Zante

Ratvasky

Bencic³

et al. 2018

2018 Atmospheric and Space Environments Conference

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NASA Glenn's Propulsion Systems Lab, an altitude engine test facility, generates icing clouds with a spray system. While the spray system is used mostly to create ice crystal clouds (Appendix D/P), the 2017 cloud characterization effort added the requirement to produce exactly supercooled liquid clouds in Appendix C and Appendix O. Success was demonstrated to supercool the largest drops at the warmest conditions, but not freeze out the smallest drops at the coldest conditions. This paper documents primarily the total water content characterization methodology and results from an Iso-Kinetic Probe in ice crystals and Multi-Wire sensor in supercooled liquid, along with the cloud uniformity provided by light extinction tomography. Particle size distribution results from High Speed Imaging probes and a Phase Doppler Interferometer are discussed. Also, a new numerical model for tracking the thermodynamics of the air-drop interactions in PSL from the plenum toward the cloud characterization plane are noted. Both of these latter topic are more fully documented in companion papers.

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Section: Cloud Characterization and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[23], while a description of the air temperature and humidity, both cloud off and cloud on, can be found in Ref. [22]. This characterization effort began with new cloud uniformity objectives -to push the cloud as much as possible to the edges of the duct.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the NASA Glenn Propulsion Systems Lab Icing and Ice Crystal Cloud Characterization - 2017

Zante

Ratvasky

Bencic³

et al. 2018

2018 Atmospheric and Space Environments Conference

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“…Temperature and humidity measurements were made at the duct exit plane using a Rearward Facing Probe (RFP) [18]. In addition, a humidity measurement was made in the plenum -the inlet for this measurement was located on the upper wall of the plenum upstream of the spray bars.…”

Section: Aerothermal and Humidity Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ice-Crystal Icing Accretion Studies at the NASA Propulsion Systems Laboratory

Struk¹,

Agui²,

Ratvasky³

et al. 2019

SAE Technical Paper Series

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This paper describes an ice-crystal icing experiment conducted at the NASA Propulsion System Laboratory during June 2018. This test produced ice shape data on an airfoil for different test conditions similar to those inside the compressor region of a turbo-fan jet engine. Mixed-phase icing conditions were generated by partially freezing out a water spray using the relative humidity of flow as the primary parameter to control freeze-out. The paper presents the ice shape data and associated conditions which include pressure, velocity, temperature, humidity, total water content, melt ratio, and particle size distribution. The test featured a new instrument traversing system which allowed surveys of the flow and cloud. The purpose of this work was to provide experimental ice shape data and associated conditions to help develop and validate ice-crystal icing accretion models. The results support previous experimental observations of a minimum melt-ratio threshold for accretion to occur as well as the existence of a plateau region where the icing severity is high for a range of melt ratios. However, a maximum limit for melt ratio, which is suggested in the ice crystal icing literature, was not observed perhaps complicated by the potential for some supercooling of the water at these conditions.

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“…Total temperature measurements are particularly challenging in this test environment as described in Ref. [3]. This is because of the potential to ingest ice crystals or liquid water at the probe's inlet and for ice to accrete on the probe's body, which can result in a contaminated probe measurement.…”

Section: Total Temperature Measurement and Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bartkus et al [1,2] reported on both experimental data obtained in the NASA PSL and numerical results obtained using a thermodynamic model (Thermodynamically Coupled Air-Droplet Icing Wind Tunnel Model, TADICE) that demonstrated changes in air temperature and humidity as a result of the thermal exchange with the icing cloud. A more recent study [3], compared total temperature and humidity measurements of the cloud flow using a rearward facing probe (RFP) with the TADICE model which showed reasonably good agreement. The experimental data however was limited to a few tests within a limited range of parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Temperature Measurements in Icing Cloud Flows Using a Rearward Facing Probe

Agui

Struk

Bartkus

2019

SAE Technical Paper Series

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This paper reports on temperature and humidity measurements from a series of ice-crystal icing tunnel experiments conducted in June 2018 at the Propulsion Systems Laboratory at the NASA Glenn Research Center. The tests were fundamental in nature and were aimed at investigating the icing processes on a two-dimensional NACA0012 airfoil subjected to artificially generated icing clouds. Prior to the tests on the airfoil, a suite of instruments, including total temperature and humidity probes, were used to characterize the thermodynamic flow and icing cloud conditions of the facility. Two different total temperature probes were used in these tests which included a custom designed rearward facing probe and a commercial self-heating total temperature probe. The rearward facing probe, the main total temperature probe, is being designed to reduce and mitigate the contaminating effects of icing and ingestion of ice crystals and water droplets at the probe's inlet. The probe also serves as an air-sample inlet for a light absorption based humidity measurement. The paper includes a section which discusses total temperature and humidity measurement considerations, and another section which provides an analysis of the main probe's performance characteristics. A computational fluid dynamic model of the flow around the probe was also conducted to gain insight into the trajectory of the flow entering the probe inlet. The experiments included a series of tests in which the relative humidity of the facility flow was swept through with increasingly larger values. The data showed that the rearward facing probe can reasonably capture the flow's total temperature and humidity under mild to moderate icing conditions but can produce anomalous results under more intense icing conditions. The experimental data was also compared to an in-house developed thermodynamic model which takes into account the interaction of the main flow with the icing cloud. Comparison to the thermodynamic model showed that the rearward facing probe measured the predicted trends.

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Total Temperature Measurements Using a Rearward Facing Probe in Supercool Liquid Droplet and Ice Crystal Clouds

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Update on the NASA Glenn Propulsion Systems Lab Icing and Ice Crystal Cloud Characterization - 2017

Update on the NASA Glenn Propulsion Systems Lab Icing and Ice Crystal Cloud Characterization - 2017

Ice-Crystal Icing Accretion Studies at the NASA Propulsion Systems Laboratory

Total Temperature Measurements in Icing Cloud Flows Using a Rearward Facing Probe

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