Toughened nylon resins

Hobbs, S. Y.; Bopp, R. C.; Watkins, V. H.

doi:10.1002/pen.760230703

Cited by 187 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Other concepts of rubber-toughening mechanisms were suggested by Borggreve et al 4 and Hobbs et al 5 for nylon/EPR systems and by Sue and Yee' for nylon/poly(phenylene oxide) rubber systems. They proposed that cavitation or void formation within rubber particles or a t the interface plays an important role in the toughening mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Relationship between morphology and micromechanical toughening mechanisms in modified polypropylenes

Kim

Michler

Gahleitner

et al. 1996

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

115

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SYNOPSISDeformation and fracture processes of two types of modified polypropylenes (PPs) were investigated in situ by high voltage electron microscopy (HVEM, 1 MV) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). One type of PP modified with ethylene-propylene block copolymer rubber (EPR) showed a variation in particle size and interparticle distance with content of ethylene. In the other series of modified PP, A1203 filler particles with concentrations of 10 and 60 w t % were used. The micromechanical toughening mechanism was comparable in both types. Deformation structures in both systems are closely connected with cavitation and void formation: the systems modified with EPR show void formation inside the modifier particles; in the systems modified with Alto3, debonding occurs at the interface between the particles and the matrix. Additionally, the effect of the morphology of the modifier particles on micromechanical deformation processes was studied. The experiments showed that besides particle size and center-to-center distance between particles, the ratio of center-to-center distance to particle diameter plays an important role. Models (three-stage mechanism) for the micromechanical deformation process are proposed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Relationship between morphology and micromechanical toughening mechanisms in modified polypropylenes

Kim

Michler

Gahleitner

et al. 1996

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

115

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“…5 The toughening of many engineering thermoplastics can be achieved by incorporation of a lowPolyethylene-octene copolymer (POE) as a novel polyolefin elastomer was developed using modulus second component. [1][2][3] Super-tough nylon [4][5][6][7] is one of the successful examples. The lowa metallocene catalyst by the Dow Chemical Co.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of interfacial adhesion on toughening of polyethylene-octene elastomer/nylon 6 blends

Hu³

1998

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

117

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ABSTRACT:Super-tough nylon 6 was prepared by using polyethylene-octene elastomer (POE) grafted with maleic anhydride as a toughener. The influences of maleating and a compatibilizer on interfacial adhesion and mechanical properties of nylon 6/POE blends were investigated in terms of mechanical testing, Molau tests, SEM observations, IR analyses, and rheological behavior. The results show that the unmodified POE has hardly any contribution to toughness of nylon 6, whereas the maleic anhydridegrafted POE (POE-g-MA) significantly improves the compatibility of POE with nylon 6 and sharply reduces its size in the nylon 6 matrix due to the in situ formation of a graft copolymer between POE-g-MA and nylon 6 during melt processing. With the POEg-MA, a transition from brittle to ductile occurs. Besides, the use of a compatibilizer in nylon 6/POE-g-MA system shifts the brittle-ductile transition curve to a lower POEg-MA content, which is attributed, in part, to the chain-extending effect of CE-96 on the nylon 6 matrix leading to further reduction of the sizes of POE-g-MA in the matrix, in part, to the coupling reaction of CE-96 between POE-g-MA and nylon 6.

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“…Chain mobility is reduced by the presence of crystalline regions and relaxation times of polymers are increased. Impact modifiers are used to create overlapping stress fields (optimum conditions at 30 vol % impact modifiers) which enhance ductility [61]. Good adhesion is provided by the maleic anhydride functionalities on the impact modifiers.…”

Section: Polyamidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The notch sensitivity of most PAs can be reduced by blending with 20 -30 % functionalized impact modifier such as maleic-anhydride-functionalized HDPE [61], [62], or maleic-acid-modified EPDM rubber. PA 66 has an intermediate level of ductility, characteristic of a semicrystalline resin.…”

Section: Polyamidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Blends

Bussink¹,

Grampel²

2000

Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry

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The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Market Requirements 3. Blend Technologies 3.1. Thermodynamics 3.2. Compatibility 3.3. Compounding 3.4. Reactive Compounding 3.5. Mechanical Properties 3.6. Additives 4. Property and Application Profiles of Selected Blends 4.1. Polyolefins 4.2. Poly(Vinyl Chloride) 4.3. Styrene Polymers and Copolymers 4.4. Polyamides 4.5. Poly(2,6‐Dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene Ether) 4.6. Polycarbonates 4.7. Polyesters 4.8. Polyetherimides 4.9. Polysulfones 4.10. Polyoxymethylenes 4.11. Polyarylates and Copolyarylate ‐ Carbonate Blends 4.12. Poly(Phenylene Sulfide) 5. General Application Technology 5.1. Processing of Blends 5.2. Design Technology 6. Future Developments 6.1. Recycling 6.2. New Developments 6.3. Outlook 7. Acknowledgement

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Toughened nylon resins

Cited by 187 publications

References 9 publications

Relationship between morphology and micromechanical toughening mechanisms in modified polypropylenes

Relationship between morphology and micromechanical toughening mechanisms in modified polypropylenes

Influence of interfacial adhesion on toughening of polyethylene-octene elastomer/nylon 6 blends

Polymer Blends

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