Toughening and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Modified with Block Co-polymers and MWCNTs

Bajpai, Ankur; Alapati, Arun Kumar; Wetzel, Bernd

doi:10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.014

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Despite possible positive toughening effects on the brittle thermoset matrix that could be caused by the thermoplastic fibers, it has been decided that the effects discussed could probably not be distinguished from the effects to be examined. 44,45 For this reason, in the thermoset route, no thermoplastic fibers were used.…”

Section: Part Manufacturing For Validation Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of recycled carbon fiber-based binder tapes for automated tape laying processes

Rimmel

May

Goergen

et al. 2018

Journal of Composite Materials

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The current growth in use of fiber reinforced polymer composites causes a strongly increasing amount of waste. Current approaches for fiber reinforced polymer composites recycling usually not exploit the potential of endless fibers as they are shortened during recycling and will not be properly aligned in the final product. Considering this, the present work aimed at the development of a recycling process for long recycled carbon fibers, where fiber length is preserved and load-related fiber orientation is possible. The starting point for the presented work was so-called slivers, which are long bundles of fibers resulting from a carding process that has been applied to fiber scrap. The main focus of this work was on the development of a binder mesh application rig that processes the sliver to a binder tape, processable in an automated tape laying process, which in turn required modifications to adapt to the novel tape. The functionality of the binder tape manufacturing process was validated with long recycled carbon fibers slivers with linear density of 4 g/m and fiber lengths between 70 and 120 mm. With the binder tape preform manufactured this way, two alternative routes for composite manufacturing were tested. First, the amount of binder was set so high that direct thermoplastic pressing of the preforms was possible. Second, the amount of binder was minimized, and the preforms were infiltrated with a thermoset resin system via resin transfer molding. While the thermoplastic route showed very deficient fiber–matrix adhesion, with the thermoset route, ≈68% of stiffness and ≈31% of strength of virgin fiber-based composites could be achieved in fiber direction in a unidirectional lay-up.

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Section: Part Manufacturing For Validation Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of recycled carbon fiber-based binder tapes for automated tape laying processes

Rimmel

May

Goergen

et al. 2018

Journal of Composite Materials

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show abstract

“…Barsotti et al [6] reported a higher value of fracture toughness for an epoxy system modified with block copolymer poly (methyl methacrylate)-b-poly (butyl acrylate)-b-poly (methyl methacrylate) (MAM) than that of the epoxy system modified with CTBN at the same wt % of loading. Different researchers from their research have summarized that the BCPs are capable of toughening the epoxy system to a higher toughness when compared to traditional homopolymers and random copolymer toughening agents, but they also tagged the same BCPs as a reason for the reduction of elastic modulus, tensile strength and also the glass transition temperature [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Barsotti et al [6] compared the fracture toughness improvement ability of block copolymer and CTBN in the same epoxy system but using another block copolymer poly (methyl methacrylate)-b-poly (butyl acrylate)-b-poly (methyl methacrylate) (MAM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Types of Block Copolymers on Morphology, Mechanical Properties, and Fracture Mechanisms of Bisphenol-F Based Epoxy System

Bajpai

Wetzel

2019

J. Compos. Sci.

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The effect of adding different types of soft block copolymer on the tensile properties, fracture mechanic properties, and thermo-mechanical properties of bisphenol F based epoxy resin were studied. Two different self-assembling block copolymers, (a) constituting of a center block of poly (butyl acrylate) and two side blocks of poly (methyl) methacrylate-co-polar co-monomer (BCP 1) and (b) poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(butylene oxide) (PEO-PBO) diblock copolymer (BCP 2), were used with an epoxy-hardener system. The maximum fracture toughness and fracture energy were measured as KIc = 2.75 MPa·m1/2 and GIc = 2.37 kJ/m2 for the 10 wt % of BCP 1 modified system, which were 366% and 2270% higher in comparison to reference epoxy system, and a 63% reduction in tensile strength was also observed. Similarly, for BCP2 modified systems, the maximum value of KIc = 1.65 MPa·m1/2 and GIc = 1.10 kJ/m2 was obtained for epoxy modified with 12 wt % of BCP2 and a reduction of 32% in tensile strength. The fracture toughness and fracture energy were co-related to the plastic zone size for all the modified systems. Finally, the analysis of the fracture surfaces revealed the toughening micro-mechanisms of the nanocomposites.

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“…Numerous approaches are studied and reported to increase the toughness of epoxy thermosets. Mainly the use of rigid fillers mainly (SiO2 [2], TiO2 [3], Al2O3 [4]), rubber based modifiers [5,6,7], block copolymers [3,8] and MWCNT's [9]. Most of the studies focused mainly on the fracture mechanics properties and thermomechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile Testing of Epoxy-Based Thermoset System Prepared by Different Methods

Bajpai¹,

Wetzel²

2019

Preprint

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Mechanical response of bisphenol-F based epoxy cured with amine hardener was investigated in tensile testing. Different types of methods were considered in preparing the tensile samples in order to evaluate their effects on the tensile strength of the cured epoxy system. Specifically, four types of preparation methods were discussed to prepare the tensile samples were considered in the study. Further, the effect of different type of tensile samples on tensile strength of specimens was also considered in the analysis. The experimental results showed that the preparation methods affected the tensile strength of the specimens. Starting from the experimental results, an appropriate testing methodology is proposed for epoxy based nanocomposite composite specimens in order to reduce problems that may arise during the test and to optimize procedures for preparation of specimens.

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Toughening and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Modified with Block Co-polymers and MWCNTs

Cited by 25 publications

References 14 publications

Development and validation of recycled carbon fiber-based binder tapes for automated tape laying processes

Development and validation of recycled carbon fiber-based binder tapes for automated tape laying processes

Effect of Different Types of Block Copolymers on Morphology, Mechanical Properties, and Fracture Mechanisms of Bisphenol-F Based Epoxy System

Tensile Testing of Epoxy-Based Thermoset System Prepared by Different Methods

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