Toughening of Glass by a Piezoelectric Secondary Phase

Abstract

A toughening concept for glass, based on exploiting the ferroelastic effect of piezoelectric particles embedded in a glass matrix, is described. It is hypothesized that the domains within a piezoelectric phase will align themselves in the direction of the stress field around an advancing crack, thus absorbing energy and contributing to toughening. A powder technology route was optimized to fabricate lead‐containing glass‐matrix composites with up to 30 wt% of a lead zirconate titanate (PZT) particulate phase. An increase in fracture toughness of >50% was achieved via the addition of 30 wt% of PZT particles. Although other toughening mechanisms could be excluded in the present composites, the actual contribution of piezoelectric toughening remains under investigation.

Effect of time and furnace atmosphere on the sintering of glasses from dismantled cathode ray tubes

“…14 The complexity of the recycling of CRT glasses may be successfully solved by a sintering approach. It has been already demonstrated the feasibility of innovative glass-based products, like glass matrix composites, [15][16][17][18][19] and glass foams, 20,21 by a simple and cost-effective powder technology route. The fundamental remark of such approach is that CRT glasses possess a relatively low softening temperature, which is particularly profitable in viscous flow sintering, i.e.…”

Development and mechanical characterization of Al2O3 platelet-reinforced glass matrix composites obtained from glasses coming from dismantled cathode ray tubes

“…The fundamental remark of such research is that CRT glasses possess a relatively low softening temperature, which could be particularly profitable in viscous flow sintering applications. Glass foams 14,15 and glass matrix composites [16][17][18][19] were successfully fabricated from CRT glasses. In the specific field of glass-matrix composites it has been shown that CRT glasses are suitable for the obtainment of highly dense composites in spite of cold pressing and pressure-less sintering (it is well known that the densest glass-matrix composites are developed by hot pressing).…”

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Piezoelectric Materials Toughening Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes/Hydroxyapatite Biocomposites

“…(2) When a crack expands to a LiNbO 3 grain, the piezoelectric LiNbO 3 will transform part of the fracture energy into electrical energy, and domain movement may be induced in the LiNbO 3 grain to further dissipate the fracture energy. Such a process is called ''piezoelectric energy dissipation toughening mechanism'' [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. (3) LiNbO 3 partially reacts with HAp to form CaNb 2 O 6 , which belongs to central symmetric point groups, and possesses no piezoelectric effect.…”

“…When a crack propagates in the composite, a part of fracture energy, will be transformed into electrical energy or dissipated by a stress-induced domain movement, leading to an enhanced fracture resistance [3,4]. This approach has been successfully applied in various composite systems: Nd 2 Ti 2 O 7 /Al 2 O 3 [4], BaTiO 3 /3Y-TZP [5], Sr 2 Nb 2 O 7 /3Y-TZP [6], Nd 2 Ti 2 O 7 /8Y-FSZ [7], LiTaO 3 / Al 2 O 3 [8], BaTiO 3 /MgO [9], BaTiO 3 /La 2 Zr 2 O 7 [10], and PZT/glass [11]. As compared with traditional toughening methods, the piezoelectric toughening method not only can enhance the mechanical properties, but also introduces novel electrical properties into the toughened ceramics.…”