Toughening Poly(Lactic Acid) and Aiding the Melt-compounding with Bio-sourced Plasticizers

Tee, Yee Bond; Talib, Rosnita A.; Abdan, Khalina; Chin, Nyuk Ling; Basha, Roseliza Kadir; Yunos, Khairul Faezah Md.

doi:10.1016/j.aaspro.2014.11.041

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…PLA resins were premixed with ESO or EPO at loading of 3, 5, 10, and 15 wt.% of PLA and were melt-blended in an internal mixer (Brabender, Brabender Plastograph EC, Germany) at 170 ºC with a rotor speed of 50 rpm for 15 min. In view of preparing the blends potentially for food packaging applications, the blends were hot and cold pressed into ~0.3-mm sheets (which is the typical thickness of clamshell packaging) instead of 3-mm as was done formerly (Tee et al 2014). They were pressed with a hot and cold press machine (Hot and Cold Press Machine, LP-50, Thailand) at 160 ºC for further characterization.…”

Section: Preparation Of Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The methodology for melt-compounding of 3, 5, 10, and 15 wt.% of ESO or EPO with PLA was also formerly reported (Tee et al 2014). Prior to melt-blending, PLA resins were oven dried at 60 ºC overnight.…”

Section: Preparation Of Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While ESO has long been established as one of the constituents for industrial production of PVC (HallStar 2007), EPO was more recently developed and studied as a potential plasticizer (Chieng et al 2012;Al-Mulla et al 2014;Tee et al 2014). Our previous work reported positive results whereby EPO toughened and aided the melt-processing of PLA more readily than the commercially available ESO (Tee et al 2014). The work continues with the comparison of ESO-and EPO-plasticized PLA on the basis of chemical, tensile, thermal, and barrier properties with the aim to present EPO as another sustainable plasticizer alternative to ESO appropriate for food packaging applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Study of Chemical, Mechanical, Thermal, and Barrier Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid) Plasticized with Epoxidized Soybean Oil and Epoxidized Palm Oil

Tee¹,

Talib²,

Abdan³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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To investigate epoxidized palm oil's (EPO) potential as plasticizer for poly(lactic acid) (PLA), its plasticizing effect was compared with commercialized epoxidized soybean oil (ESO). The plasticizers were respectively melt-compounded into PLA at 3, 5, 10, and 15 wt.%. As it was aimed for the blends to be characterized towards packaging appropriate for food products, they were hot-pressed into ~0.3-mm sheets, which is the approximate thickness of clamshell packaging. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the plasticizers' compatibility with PLA. At similar loadings, EPO was superior in reinforcing elongation at break (EAB), thermal, and barrier properties of PLA. The ductility of PLA was notably improved to 50.0% with addition of 3 wt.% of EPO. From thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), PLA/EPO5 improved PLA's thermal stability, while all PLA/ESO blends reported reduced thermal stability. From differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the increase in crystallinity and the shifts in enthalpy of fusions in all plasticized blends denoted facilitation of PLA to form thermally stable α-form crystals. The addition of EPO enabled PLA to become highly impermeable to oxygen, which can extend its potential in packaging extensive range of oxygen sensitive food.

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Section: Preparation Of Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Study of Chemical, Mechanical, Thermal, and Barrier Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid) Plasticized with Epoxidized Soybean Oil and Epoxidized Palm Oil

Tee¹,

Talib²,

Abdan³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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“…However, BP‐T‐BSF/PLA composite showed a sharp decrease in the peak intensity of OH at 3,500 cm −1 indicating an enormous reduction in the water content. This lowering of peak intensity found in BP‐T‐BSF/PLA in the region around 1,770 cm −1 is clearly evident due to the incomplete dissolution of hemicelluloses, which is mainly due to the elimination of acetyl group present in hemicelluloses after alkali treatment . FTIR of PLA, when compared against BP‐T‐BSF/PLA composite shows more intensity for the CO stretch and CO groups of ester bonds, at 1,730 cm −1 where active ester and methyl groups of PLA are located.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…FTIR of PLA, when compared against BP‐T‐BSF/PLA composite shows more intensity for the CO stretch and CO groups of ester bonds, at 1,730 cm −1 where active ester and methyl groups of PLA are located. This corresponds to the effective adhesion of the BSF with the PLA, which had happened as a consequence of the BP treatment . The peak at 2,900 cm −1 in UT‐BSF/PLA may be associated to CH stretching in methyl and methylene groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Banana/sisal fibers reinforced poly(lactic acid) hybrid biocomposites; influence of chemical modification of BSF towards thermal properties

2015

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The present work focused on thermal behavior of biocomposites based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) reinforced with untreated and benzoyl peroxide (BP) treated banana/sisal fibers (BSF) combination. Fabrication of biocomposites was performed by extrusion followed by injection molding. Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectral technique ascertained the nature of bonding between BSF and PLA. The thermal properties of virgin PLA, UT‐BSF/PLA, and BP‐T‐BSF/PLA composites were studied by DSC and TGA analysis. DSC analysis indicated no significant changes in the glass transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) of virgin PLA, UT‐BSF/PLA, and BP‐T‐BSF/PLA composites and no sign of crystallization for both virgin PLA, UT‐BSF/PLA composites. However, crystallization was observed in BP‐T‐BSF/PLA composites. The BP‐T‐BSF/PLA composite exhibited a delayed thermal degradation pattern from TGA analysis when compared to that of UT‐BSF/PLA composites and virgin PLA as well. Further, the effect of BSF treatment and hybridization of BSF with PLA on the degree of crystallinity (Xc) were explored in detail. The above said composites were also investigated through scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs to examine the adhesion between the PLA and BSF. In addition, the results of SEM acquired are in good agreement with the data resulted from FTIR and thermal characterization. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:1053–1062, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Bioplasitcizer Epoxidized Vegetable Oils–Based Poly(Lactic Acid) Blends and Nanocomposites

Chieng¹,

Ibrahim²,

Loo³

2017

Handbook of Composites From Renewable Materials

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Toughening Poly(Lactic Acid) and Aiding the Melt-compounding with Bio-sourced Plasticizers

Cited by 24 publications

References 18 publications

Comparative Study of Chemical, Mechanical, Thermal, and Barrier Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid) Plasticized with Epoxidized Soybean Oil and Epoxidized Palm Oil

Comparative Study of Chemical, Mechanical, Thermal, and Barrier Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid) Plasticized with Epoxidized Soybean Oil and Epoxidized Palm Oil

Banana/sisal fibers reinforced poly(lactic acid) hybrid biocomposites; influence of chemical modification of BSF towards thermal properties

Bioplasitcizer Epoxidized Vegetable Oils–Based Poly(Lactic Acid) Blends and Nanocomposites

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