Toughness and austenite stability of modified 9Cr–1Mo welds after tempering

Shiue, Ren-Kae; Lan, Kuan Che; Chen, C

doi:10.1016/s0921-5093(00)00831-5

Cited by 50 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…8(b) shows relatively higher microhardness of 210 Hv in the interface. The magnitude is consistent with the tempered martensite in 0.05 wt% C steels [30].…”

Section: Residual Stress Comparison Between Similar and Dissimilar Mesupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Generalized Hooke's law was used to convert elastic strains (x, y, z) to residual stresses (σx, σy, σz) along the three orthogonal directions (x, y, z). The diffraction elastic constants and Poisson's ratios were E111 of 247.9 GPa, ν111 of 0.24 for the austenitic weld metal (0 mm location) and E110 of 225.5 GPa, ν110 of 0.28 for the ferritic base metal (30,60, and 100 mm locations) [22]. Comb-like "stress free" reference samples were extracted along each line of strain scanning as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Neutron Diffraction Contour Method and Deep Hole Drilling mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two-dimensional mapping of residual stresses in a thick dissimilar weld using contour method, deep hole drilling, and neutron diffraction

Woo¹,

An²,

Truman³

et al. 2016

J Mater Sci

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Residual stress variations were determined through the thickness of a 70-mm thick ferriticaustenitic dissimilar steel weld using contour method, deep hole drilling, and neutron diffraction. The result shows that significant tensile stresses were distributed distinctly along the interface between ferritic and austenitic phases. The band of the large tensile stresses was about 8 mm wide and the magnitude reached 400 MPa, which is approaching 100% of the yield strength of the base metal, near the top surface (about 15% of the depth). It is attributed to the large difference (5.8 x 10 -6 1/°C) of the thermal expansion coefficient between ferritic and austenitic steels of the interface. The microstructure analysis elucidates that the martensitic phase prevailed near the interface and results in microhardness increases.

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“…8(b) shows relatively higher microhardness of 210 Hv in the interface. The magnitude is consistent with the tempered martensite in 0.05 wt% C steels [30].…”

Section: Residual Stress Comparison Between Similar and Dissimilar Mesupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Neutron Diffraction Contour Method and Deep Hole Drilling mentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-dimensional mapping of residual stresses in a thick dissimilar weld using contour method, deep hole drilling, and neutron diffraction

Woo¹,

An²,

Truman³

et al. 2016

J Mater Sci

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“…Varios autores [11][12][13] reportaron austenita retenida con una morfología de película alargada sobre los bordes de listones. En particular, HURTADO-NOREÑA et al [11], la austenita retenida fue encontrada en un acero P91 similar al del presente trabajo, normalizado a 1050 ºC por 30 minutos y enfriado al aire.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Estudio de la microestructura de un cordón de soldadura de un acero P91 mediante microscopía electrónica de transmisión

et al. 2018

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RESUMENEn el presente trabajo se llevó a cabo la caracterización microestructural de un cordón de pasada simple de un acero 9Cr1MoVNb P91 obtenido por el proceso de soldadura semiautomática bajo protección gaseosa (FCAW), en la condición "as welding" mediante microscopía electrónica de transmisión.El acero P91 tiene una buena soldabilidad, pero las propiedades mecánicas de las uniones soldadas son inferiores a las del material base. La zona afectada por el calor (ZAC) de este tipo de aceros es de  4 mm lo que dificulta extraer réplicas y láminas delgadas para el estudio de las distintas microestructuras generadas en cada sub-zona de la ZAC: ZAC de grano grueso (ZACGG), ZAC de grano fino (ZACGF) y ZAC intercrítica (ZACIC). No obstante, fue posible extraer réplicas de cada región para identificar a los precipitados y por medio de la utilización de un haz de iones focalizados (FIB-SEM) se pudieron extraer láminas delgadas de un área específica para caracterizar la microestructura de la matriz. Se caracterizaron los precipitados presentes en cada sub-zona de la ZAC y cómo la disolución del M 23 C 6 afecta a la matriz que lo rodea. A bajas temperaturas pico y bajas velocidades de calentamiento/enfriamiento tales como las que caracterizan a las zonas de grano fino (ZACIC y ZACGF) se encontró austenita retenida en contacto de los carburos M 23 C 6 parcialmente disueltos. Por otra parte, en las zonas con más altas temperaturas pico y altas velocidades de calentamiento/enfriamiento (ZACGG y zona fundida) se encontraron pelícu-las finas de austenita retenida en los ex bordes de grano austenítico y en los listones de martensita. Palabras clave: acero 9Cr1Mo, cordón de soldadura, microscopía electrónica. ABSTRACTIn the present work the microstructural characterization of a single-pass weld of 9Cr1MoVNb P91 steel performed by the flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) process in the "as welding" condition has been carried out by means of transmission electron microscopy.P91 steel offers a good weldability, but the mechanical properties of the welded joints are found to be inferior compared to the base metal. The heat affected zone (HAZ) of these types of steels is  4 mm making it difficult to extract carbon replicas and thin foil to study the microstructure generated in each sub-zone of the ZAC: coarse grained ZAC (CGZAC), fine grained ZAC (FGZAC) and intercritical ZAC (ICZAC). Nevertheless, it was possible to extract replicas from each region to identify precipitates and using a focused ion beam (FIB-SEM), thin films could be extracted from a specific area to characterize the matrix microstructure.The precipitates present in each subzone of the ZAC were characterized as well as how the dissolution of M 23 C 6 affects the matrix. At low peak temperatures and low heating / cooling rates such as those characterizing the fine grain zones (ICHAZ and FGHAZ) the M 23 C 6 carbides were found to be partially dissolved and in contact with retained austenite. On the other hand, in the areas with the highest peak temperatures and high

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“…11). In Gr.92N, the production of coarse-grained microstructure, approximately the same grain size as the base metal, is considered to be caused by the mechanism of austenite memory effect, which has been shown to be a direct consequence of the existence of retained austenite in starting bainitic or martensitic microstructure [18,19]. Shirane et al observed 3% retained austenite in Gr.92N after normalizing [10].…”

Section: Mechanisms Responsible For Grain Refinement and No Grain Refmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure evolution in HAZ and suppression of Type IV fracture in advanced ferritic power plant steels

Abe

Tabuchi

Tsukamoto

et al. 2010

International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping

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Toughness and austenite stability of modified 9Cr–1Mo welds after tempering

Cited by 50 publications

References 14 publications

Two-dimensional mapping of residual stresses in a thick dissimilar weld using contour method, deep hole drilling, and neutron diffraction

Two-dimensional mapping of residual stresses in a thick dissimilar weld using contour method, deep hole drilling, and neutron diffraction

Estudio de la microestructura de un cordón de soldadura de un acero P91 mediante microscopía electrónica de transmisión

Microstructure evolution in HAZ and suppression of Type IV fracture in advanced ferritic power plant steels

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