Tourette Syndrome: Prediction of Phenotypic Variation in Monozygotic Twins by Caudate Nucleus D2 Receptor Binding

Wolf, Steven S.; Jones, Douglas W.; Knable, Michael B.; Gorey, Julia G.; Lee, Kan Sam; Hyde, Thomas M.; Coppola, Richard; Weinberger, Daniel R.

doi:10.1126/science.273.5279.1225

Cited by 242 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…An early study of monozygotic twins discordant for TS severity found evidence in affected twins of increased D 2 receptor binding in the head of the CN, but not putamen, which predicted disease severity [634]. Single-photon emission computed tomography investigations in TS have found higher DAT binding in the right caudate [635], the striatum [636-639], the putamen after amphetamine challenge [640], and the basal ganglia [641].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings

Dichter

Damiano

Allen

2012

J Neurodevelop Disord

254

207

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This review summarizes evidence of dysregulated reward circuitry function in a range of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders and genetic syndromes. First, the contribution of identifying a core mechanistic process across disparate disorders to disease classification is discussed, followed by a review of the neurobiology of reward circuitry. We next consider preclinical animal models and clinical evidence of reward-pathway dysfunction in a range of disorders, including psychiatric disorders (i.e., substance-use disorders, affective disorders, eating disorders, and obsessive compulsive disorders), neurodevelopmental disorders (i.e., schizophrenia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, Tourette’s syndrome, conduct disorder/oppositional defiant disorder), and genetic syndromes (i.e., Fragile X syndrome, Prader–Willi syndrome, Williams syndrome, Angelman syndrome, and Rett syndrome). We also provide brief overviews of effective psychopharmacologic agents that have an effect on the dopamine system in these disorders. This review concludes with methodological considerations for future research designed to more clearly probe reward-circuitry dysfunction, with the ultimate goal of improved intervention strategies.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings

Dichter

Damiano

Allen

2012

J Neurodevelop Disord

254

207

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Ten pairs of MZ twins discordant for risk of anxiety and depression were found to have reduced temporal lobe volumes in the affected twin [deGeus et al, 2007]. MZ twins discordant for Tourette syndrome show discordant D2 dopamine receptor binding in the head of the caudate nucleus [Wolf et al, 1996]. (5) Neoplastic diseases.…”

Section: Other Examples Of Discordancementioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐identical monozygotic twins, intermediate twin types, zygosity testing, and the non‐random nature of monozygotic twinning: A review

Machin

2009

American J of Med Genetics Pt C

138

102

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Monozygotic twins (MZ) are rarely absolutely “identical.” This review discusses the types of genetic/epigenetic and prenatal environmental post‐zygotic mechanisms that cause discordance within such twin pairs. Some of these mechanisms—ranging from heterokaryotypia to skewed X‐chromosome inactivation—may cause extreme discordance, but these extremes are merely the more emphatic examples of discordance that, to some degree, underlies the majority of MZ twin pairs. Because of the entrenched misconception that MZ twins are necessarily identical, many MZ twin pairs are mistakenly designated as dizygotic (DZ). Clinical benefits to accurate zygosity determination include correct solid organ transplantation matching, if one twin requires donation for a non‐genetically mediated disease; the opportunity of preventive management for disorders that do not manifest synchronously; and better counseling to parents regarding their individually unique, and often psychologically puzzling, twin offspring. In twin pairs with complex and confusing biological origins, more detailed zygosity testing may be required. For example, intermediate trigametic and tetragametic chimeric dizygotic twins are reviewed, some of whom are, nevertheless, monochorionic (MC). Because of inter‐fetal vascular anastomoses in MC twins, genetic results from blood samples may not accurately reflect discordance in solid organs. Previously, it was thought that MZ twinning was some sort of embryological fluke. However, familial monozygotic twinning is more common than suggested by the literature. Seven new families are presented in an accompanying paper. Despite the difficulties and dangers of twin pregnancy (especially so for MC twins), human twinning persists, and continues to both challenge and fascinate parents, clinicians and geneticists. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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“…Increased white matter and asymmetry in the frontal lobe was shown in TS (Hong et al 2002). Also, reduced volume, abnormal asymmetries (Hyde et al 1995;Peterson et al 1993;Singer et al 1993) as well as increased dopamine binding within the caudate nucleus (Malison et al 1995;Wolf et al 1996) have been observed in TS. In addition, abnormal blood Xow was found in both basal ganglia and the frontal lobe in patients with TS (Buckingham et al 1993;Diler et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postural control anomalies in children with Tourette syndrome

et al. 2007

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The goal of the present study was to determine whether postural control is aVected in Gilles-de-la-Tourette syndrome (TS). Center of pressure (COP) displacements were recorded in children with TS and unaVected siblings in three conditions using a force platform: (1) Eyes-Open, (2) Eyes-Closed, (3) One-Leg standing with eyes open. The COP range and velocity were higher in children with TS than in unaVected siblings in all conditions. These diVerences could not be attributed to age, present tic severity, comorbidities (hyperactivity and compulsions) or medication. The data suggest that sub-clinical postural control anomalies are present in TS.

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Tourette Syndrome: Prediction of Phenotypic Variation in Monozygotic Twins by Caudate Nucleus D2 Receptor Binding

Cited by 242 publications

References 26 publications

Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings

Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings

Non‐identical monozygotic twins, intermediate twin types, zygosity testing, and the non‐random nature of monozygotic twinning: A review

Postural control anomalies in children with Tourette syndrome

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