Tourism and Air Quality: Factors Influencing the Role of Air Quality in Visitors Travel Planning

Carneiro, Maria João; Rodrigues, Vítor Manuel Costa Pereira; Eusébio, Celeste; Robaina, Margarita; Madaleno, Mara; Monteiro, A.; Gama, Carla; Oliveira, K.; Russo, Michael; Borrego, Carlos

doi:10.1080/21568316.2021.1873839

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(167 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, multiple factors or attributes influence a destination’s competitiveness, which may include the level of local prices, the safety at the destination, and, most of the time, the environmental conditions, which are considered relevant determinants in the selection of destinations by visitors, such as air quality (Fernandez et al 2020 ; Huybers et al 2000 ; Rodrigues et al 2021 ; Tang et al 2019 ; Zhang et al 2015 ). Some studies reveal that air quality may influence visitors’ satisfaction (Peng and Xiao 2018 ; Saura et al 2018 ; Wu et al 2018 ), destination image (Becker et al 2017; Peng and Xiao 2018 ), and travel behavior (Carneiro et al 2021a ).…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only a limited number of studies examine the impact of tourism on other pollutants (e.g., NOx, PM10, PM2.5) (Russo et al 2020 ). Moreover, air pollution also negatively influences tourism demand to several destinations (Carneiro et al 2021a , b ; Peng and Xiao 2018 ; Saura et al 2018 ; Wang et al 2021 ). Nevertheless, the number of studies in this scope is very scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air pollution and tourism growth relationship: exploring regional dynamics in five European countries through an EKC model

Ciarlantini

Madaleno

Robaina

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The present study intends to explore the relationship between tourism growth and air pollution at a regional level for five important tourism European destinations: France, Spain, Greece, Portugal, and Italy. Most of the studies found in the literature examine this relationship on a national scale and focus only on the CO 2 pollutant, which is a greenhouse gas but not a critical pollutant in terms of air quality and human exposure. This research focuses on a regional basis (NUTS 2 classification) and takes into account the main critical pollutants in terms of urban air pollution (namely: NOx, PM10, and PM2.5), and considers 10 years, from 2009 until 2018. This work aims to investigate evidence of a tourism-induced Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) for the countries through the construction of five panels, one for each country, including different variables: the Gross Domestic Product, the energy consumption, and the number of nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments from both domestic and foreign tourists. The Levin-Lin-Chu unit root test proves the variables to be stationary, while the Pedroni cointegration test shows that they are integrated. The pooled OLS estimator is employed throughout the countries to check the relationship among the variables. Results reveal that the tourism-induced EKC hypothesis is not validated for any of the countries. The findings also show that in Portugal, Italy, and Greece, there is a negative relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution, while mixed evidence is found for France and Spain. Moreover, differences in the impacts of international and domestic tourists on air pollution are found: foreign tourists negatively impact emissions, while domestic ones increase them. This result is clear for Spain, Greece, and Italy. The Granger panel causality test is then conducted to see the causality among the variables.

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Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution and tourism growth relationship: exploring regional dynamics in five European countries through an EKC model

Ciarlantini

Madaleno

Robaina

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…5,6 At the same time, tourism-related activities are one of the elements affecting the destination's air quality. 7,8 The relationship between air quality and the development of tourist destinations is bidirectional, 9,10 meaning that, on the one hand, the air quality of destination cities will influence tourists' consumption decisions 11 and, on the other hand, the tourism consumption behavior of tourists in the destination will have a detrimental effect on the local air quality. 12 China's air pollution issue has received international attention since 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Air quality (AQ) is the international criterion for determining the acceptability of tourism activities and, ultimately, one of the most influential drivers of tourist destinations, according to research 5,6 . At the same time, tourism‐related activities are one of the elements affecting the destination's air quality 7,8 . The relationship between air quality and the development of tourist destinations is bidirectional, 9,10 meaning that, on the one hand, the air quality of destination cities will influence tourists' consumption decisions 11 and, on the other hand, the tourism consumption behavior of tourists in the destination will have a detrimental effect on the local air quality 12…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of air quality on China's inbound tourism based on the heterogeneity of tourists' risk perception

Sun

Liu

2023

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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This study employs a panel econometric model to assess and examine the relationship between inbound tourism to China and air quality, using data on air quality and inbound tourism at the provincial level in China from 2013 to 2017. It also considers how travelers perceive risk. According to the findings, there has been an increase in foreign tourists visiting China since 2013. However, the air quality index's representation of domestic air quality is not encouraging. Our studies using the fixed effect model demonstrate that domestic air quality has a considerable beneficial impact on the number of inbound tourists, which is still strong when utilizing the mixed effect and random effect models; in comparison to northern China, the impact of air quality in southern China is more clear. Our studies demonstrate that the ongoing decline in China's inbound tourism scale in recent years is strongly correlated with the quality of the country's air, which is influenced by each visitor's personal preferences. In order to improve China's reputation in the global tourism market, the report concludes by outlining solutions to address this impact. These methods include maintaining the promotion of environmental governance while also tightly integrating tourism marketing.

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Visitors’ behavioural intention towards an episode of air pollution: a segmentation analysis

Carneiro

Eusébio

Rodrigues

et al. 2021

Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing

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Tourism and Air Quality: Factors Influencing the Role of Air Quality in Visitors Travel Planning

Cited by 4 publications

References 77 publications

Air pollution and tourism growth relationship: exploring regional dynamics in five European countries through an EKC model

Air pollution and tourism growth relationship: exploring regional dynamics in five European countries through an EKC model

The impact of air quality on China's inbound tourism based on the heterogeneity of tourists' risk perception

Visitors’ behavioural intention towards an episode of air pollution: a segmentation analysis

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