Tourism destination development in Thailand

Pongajarn, Chalermpat

doi:10.18174/423967

Cited by 5 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The argument that the informal economy creates jobs and absorbs the unemployed workforce (ILO, 2014; Pongajarn, 2017) is supported by this study. There is a negative correlation between the informal tourism economy and unemployment rates (See panels b and c in Figure 3), which shows that the informal tourism economy absorbs the unemployed workforce and particularly female and young unemployed workers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…As the second largest economy in Southeast Asia, Thailand hosts more than 3 million international migrants and nearly half of these are undocumented and work as informal workers and entrepreneurs throughout the country (Chanwanpen, 2018). In addition, tourism is a fast‐growing sector and a key to the Thai national economy in creating jobs, decreasing unemployment and providing foreign exchange (Hawkins & Mann, 2007; Pongajarn, 2017). Though, this study focuses on Thailand, inevitably the method used can also be easily applied to other countries to estimate the size of their informal tourism economy and its role in the labour markets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring the size of the informal tourism economy in Thailand

Çakmak

Çenesiz

2020

Journal of Tourism Research

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This study is the first to estimate the size of the informal tourism economy. Using a dynamic general equilibrium model, this paper first estimates the size of the informal tourism economy and then assesses its linkages to key labour market variables in Thailand. Empirical results indicate that: (a) the informal tourism economy grows faster than the formal tourism and aggregate economy; (b) both formal and informal tourism economies absorb the unemployed; (c) the relationship between formal and informal economies is negative in the aggregate but positive in the tourism sector.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the size of the informal tourism economy in Thailand

Çakmak

Çenesiz

2020

Journal of Tourism Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The argument that the informal economy creates jobs and absorbs unemployed workforce (ILO, 2014;Pongajarn, 2017) is supported by this study. There is a negative correlation between the informal tourism economy and unemployment rates (See panels B and C in Figure 3) that shows the informal tourism economy absorbs unemployed workforce and particularly the female and young unemployed workers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…In addition to TAT, the Department of Tourism of the Ministry of Tourism and Sports is responsible for providing tourism-related licenses, permits and registrations. Yet, the Thai government develops, supports and promotes tourism in Thailand through a top-down approach (Pongajarn, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Being the second largest economy in Southeast Asia, Thailand hosts more than 3 million international migrants and nearly half of these are undocumented and work as informal workers and entrepreneurs throughout the country (Chanwanpen, 2018). In addition, tourism is a fast growing sector and a key to the Thai national economy in creating jobs, decreasing unemployment and providing foreign exchange (Hawkins & Mann, 2007;Pongajarn, 2017). Though, this study focuses on Thailand, inevitably the used method can easily be applied to other countries as well in order to estimate the size of the informal tourism economy and its role in their labour markets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The practice of informal tourism entrepreneurs: a Bourdieusian perspective

Çakmak¹

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Coastal tourism destination development in Zeeland : A practice theory approach

Derriks¹

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Table of contents Acknowledgements v List of figures, tables, and abbreviations xi CHAPTER 1: Introduction 'There's nothing more beautiful than the way the ocean refuses to stop kissing the shoreline, no matter how many times it's sent away' -Sarah Kay Chapter 1 1.1. Introduction 1.1.1. The province of Zeeland: tourism and regeneration Tourism, leisure and the province of Zeeland are inseparable. From the 19 th century onwards, visitors came to Zeeland to enjoy the landscape, touristic sites, cities and especially the coast. Tourism grew especially mid-20 th century, fuelled by an increase in income, car ownership and holidays. The estimated income from tourism and leisure accounts for 1.85 billion euros per year (Kenniscentrum Kusttoerisme, 2020). Most of these revenues are earned by businesses in hospitality, retail, mobility and recreation. Today, there are 320,000 beds for tourists, only 60,000 less than there are beds for the entire population of the province of approximately 382,000. In 2018, Zeeland accommodated 18.6 million overnight stays and 42 million day-visits. Evidently, tourism and leisure are of extreme value to the economy of Zeeland. Although external and unforeseen factors, such as the Covid-19 pandemic, influenced growth, a 50 per cent increase by 2030 is expected (NBTC, 2018).The number of overnight stays in Zeeland has not always grown; in the 1980s, there were also several years of stagnating visiting numbers. Whereas the number of overnight stays doubled in the period of 1970-1980 from 6 to 12 million, in the period between 1982 and 1988 numbers fluctuated around 14 million stays. A few years later, in 1991, the reputation and image of Zeeland was studied (Provincie Zeeland, 2000). More than half of the surveyed Dutch and Zeeland residents thought that Zeeland did not have much to offer outside the tourist season. Consequently, strategies to extend the season focused on the creation of facilities that were less dependent on the weather or not at all. Furthermore, cultural events and festivals were being organized in September and October. At the same time, due to an increase in leisure time and wealth as well as an ageing population, more people went on holidays two, three or even four times a year during the 1990s (Provincie Zeeland, 2000). A variety of strategic activities, next to the strategies already mentioned, were executed, such as rural tourism that included farmers in the tourism ecosystem, nature creation to make the province more attractive, and improving the overall quality of the tourism product, which all led to a growing number of tourists.Already more than a decade ago, the province of Zeeland saw this need to improve the product quality (Province of Zeeland, 2009:17, author's translation):´While Zeeland has got much potential in terms of accommodation for holidaymakers, recent years clearly show there are outdated accommodation facilities in the coastal zone and the landscape is cluttered. It is therefore of great importance that progress must be made in improving the qua...

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Tourism destination development in Thailand

Cited by 5 publications

References 55 publications

Measuring the size of the informal tourism economy in Thailand

Measuring the size of the informal tourism economy in Thailand

The practice of informal tourism entrepreneurs: a Bourdieusian perspective

Coastal tourism destination development in Zeeland : A practice theory approach

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