Tourism, poverty reduction and rentier state in Iran: a perspective from rural areas of Turan National Park

Torabi, Zabih-Allah; Rezvani, Mohammad Reza; Badri, S A

doi:10.1080/19407963.2020.1759081

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In this case, in terms of the authenticity of the experience, we can speak of a rather negative phenomenon, referred to as the commercialisation of wilderness. Indeed, the label "eco" is here narrowed down to a mere common stay in a natural environment (Matlovičová et al, 2015;Torabi et al, 2020). From the perspective of organising poor community-based ecotourism, it is important to sensitively adjust the intensity and nature of immediate contacts between tourists and local communities.…”

Section: Poverty Alleviation Through the Development Of Sustainable F...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the UNDP proposes ensuring the access to resources and opportunities as the best way to combat poverty, arguing that it is the right of every citizen. "Human development is about expanding people's possibilities", and if we want to ensure development and empowerment, it is imperative to ensure opportunities and choice (Acharya et al, 2022;UNDP, 2002: 8;Torabi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential for Sustainable Development of Rural Communities by Community-Based Ecotourism a Case Study of Rural Village Pastanga, Sikkim Himalaya, India

DEMKOVA¹,

SHARMA²,

Mishra³

et al. 2022

GTG

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Poverty is one of the most pressing global problems of the world today. One promising option to provide employment opportunities for the inhabitants of underdeveloped rural areas is the development of ‘pro-poor tourism’. Poverty alleviation tourism can generate environmental benefits in addition to economic, social and cultural ones. This study aims to discuss the possibilities of poverty alleviation of rural communities through the development of community-based ecotourism. The introductory part of the study briefly defines the theoretical frameworks of the concept of poverty and ecotourism in the context of sustainable development. Using the specific example of the Mid-Himalayan Rural village of Pastanga (India), show the potential areas for developing community-based ecotourism with respect to the local development opportunities. In the same way that is draw on our own research as well as available statistical data from the East Sikkim and Questionnaire Survey-2021. The case study presents the current extent of adventure trekking tourism and highlights the trends, characteristics and significance of trekking in Pastanga-Khedi eco-trail. The paper also propose strategies for exploring the trekking potential through the emphasis on ecotourism in the study area. In conclusion, we propose solutions for the regulated development of the area in a participatory way by the concerned stakeholders by implementing activities related to the Community-Based Ecotourism.

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Section: Poverty Alleviation Through the Development Of Sustainable F...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential for Sustainable Development of Rural Communities by Community-Based Ecotourism a Case Study of Rural Village Pastanga, Sikkim Himalaya, India

DEMKOVA¹,

SHARMA²,

Mishra³

et al. 2022

GTG

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…More than 800 billion yuan was generated from 3 billion tourist visits to rural areas in 2018 [47]. As a result, tourism development increases the livelihood of the poor [29]. Generally, tourism transforms the economy, society, and environment of rural areas in China and the community's livelihoods.…”

Section: Livelihood Effects Of Ppt In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The poor are excluded from the thriving tourism industry because of their lack of pollical agency [28]. Therefore, government intervention is required to overcome the inherent deficits of tourism development in rural areas [29]. However, neoliberal policies advocated by western governments prevent intervention targeting equity within tourism, which restricts 'pro-poor tourism' strategies [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience of Pro-Poor Tourism (PPT) in China: A Sustainable Livelihood Perspective

Wang

Dong

2022

Sustainability

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Pro-poor tourism is a powerful tool in China’s poverty alleviation strategy, helping the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 1, no poverty. Thus, the Chinese experience in tourism poverty reduction could be instructive. Considering the dominant role of the government in PPT, this study examines the government’s PPT scheme within a sustainable livelihood framework, uncovering the usefulness of PPT in poverty alleviation. With thematic analysis, 18 cases are systematically coded, and several findings are discovered. Rural development is co-evolutionary with PPT, while livelihood capitals change correspondingly. Specifically, human capital is mentioned as the top priority, followed by economic capital, institutional capital, social capital, and natural capital. Analysis of the cases indicates that livelihood capital comprises multiple themes, and a variety of livelihood strategies are applied conditionally. Additionally, livelihood outcomes are in accord with the criteria of Beautiful Village, characterized by good quality of life. In summary, the success of the PPT in China is a comprehensive project, contributed to by a government-led model, a well-organized community system, effective community participation, and whole-of-society synergy. The study demonstrates that a paradigm shift has been seen in China’s PPT model and sheds light on tourism development in poverty alleviation globally.

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“…According to Iran's Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Handicraft, and Tourism (MCHT), the numbers of ecolodges were about 1500 in 2019, while only 30 existed in 2013 (MCHT, 2019). This growth has two main reasons; first, tourist demand is high for ecolodges, and second, the Iranian government supports the development of this type of accommodation, especially in rural areas where there is a need for improving living standards, job creation and economic growth (Salehi Esfahani and Majbouri, 2013; Torabi et al , 2020).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring motivations and satisfaction of ecolodge patrons in desert areas of Iran

Chogan

2021

IHR

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PurposeThis paper explores travel motivations and characteristics of European ecotourists who visit ecolodges in desert areas of Iran. It also evaluates 26 ecolodge attributes from the perspective of the European patrons.Design/methodology/approachDifferent methods were adopted for the aim of this study, comprising the importance-performance analysis technique and a questionnaire survey.FindingsA survey of 386 patrons in 12 selected ecolodges found that most European ecotourists were middle-aged to old adults (36–65 years old) and highly educated who traveled with their spouses or friends. Ecotourists generally stayed in ecolodges for 2–5 days to learn and explore nature and be in the wilderness and undisturbed nature. This study also showed that the ecolodges are successful to a large extent, yet they need to focus more on their services and facilities.Practical implicationsDue to the significance of international tourists for the economy, decision-makers and managers must learn about tourists' motivations and travel satisfaction to be able to compete against their rivals in the marketplace. The result of this study may help the owners and managers of ecolodges in desert areas understand the needs and priorities of European tourists.Originality/valueThis study expanded the existing literature of motivations and satisfaction of tourists in the ecolodge industry.

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Tourism, poverty reduction and rentier state in Iran: a perspective from rural areas of Turan National Park

Cited by 17 publications

References 60 publications

Potential for Sustainable Development of Rural Communities by Community-Based Ecotourism a Case Study of Rural Village Pastanga, Sikkim Himalaya, India

Potential for Sustainable Development of Rural Communities by Community-Based Ecotourism a Case Study of Rural Village Pastanga, Sikkim Himalaya, India

Experience of Pro-Poor Tourism (PPT) in China: A Sustainable Livelihood Perspective

Exploring motivations and satisfaction of ecolodge patrons in desert areas of Iran

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