“…), rapid digital transformation has been experienced in many sectors, especially with the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the use of technology has become an indispensable element of daily work and life more than ever. It has been observed that tour guides, who are the promotional faces of their countries, have experienced economic, social, and psychological problems due to the COVID-19 pandemic in addition to their many chronic, legal, professional, and personal problems (Ap & Wong, 2001;Batman, 2003) (Nazli, 2021). New COVID-19 safety measures such as wearing face masks, using hand sanitizing gels, and maintaining social distancing have reshaped tour guiding (Galí, 2022, p. 789).…”