Tourist Taxonomies of International Tourists Visiting Zimbabwe Using an Extended International Tourist Role Scale

Abstract

Tourist typologies are generally criticized for having spatial biases because most of them were constructed in the context of the Western world. The study used an Extended International Tourist Role (EITR) scale to determine the typologies of international tourists to Zimbabwe. The augmented scale was subjected to reliability and validity tests, which yielded positive results. A factor–cluster analysis of 569 international tourists, yielded three distinct subgroups though with similar traits in certain dimensions. The clusters were named the independent tourist, the indifferent tourist, and the cautious new tourist. In the context of Zimbabwe, the cautious new tourist taxon is the most viable subgroup because of its size and available destination resources. However, for strategic planning, Zimbabwe should begin to embrace the independent tourist. The cautious new tourist is likely to mature into the independent tourist status, if the contemporary trends are anything to go by.

Push and Pull Factors Affecting Domestic Tourism in the Erongo Region, Namibia

“…This study used a positivist philosophical lense by adopting a quantitative research approach. A questionnaire was developed on the basis of previous studies (Baniya and Paudel, 2016;Bui and Jolliffe, 2011;Oyunchimeg and Gantuya, 2021;Mapingure et al, 2019;Matiza and Kruger, 2022). This study used a sample size of 400 respondents.…”

“…The challenge for tourism policymakers and researchers is to determine the processes that can assist them in achieving sustainable domestic tourism development. Some believe that understanding what motivates domestic tourists to travel is the best place to start such an undertaking (Rehman and Alnuzhah, 2023;Bayih and Singh, 2020;Mapingure et al, 2019). To fully understand the points made above, it is necessary to evaluate the current literature on domestic tourists' travel motivations.…”

“…Analysing internal and external motivational forces can achieve this. Consequently, understanding domestic tourist travel motives has become an essential aspect of sustainable domestic tourism development (Mapingure et al, 2019).…”

Socio-demographic Variables and Push Travel Motivation: Tourists Visiting a Protected Area in South Africa

“…Drawing from Dann's theory of push and pull motivation (1977), the study focused primarily on push travel motivation factors and the influence of tourists' socio-demographic variables (such as gender, nationality, residency, employment status and age) adopted by this study on push travel motivation factors to visit PA. In tourism research, Dann's (1977) push and pull theory of motivation is a widely recognised theoretical framework (Mapingure, du Plessis & Saayman, 2019;Michael et al, 2020;Said & Maryono, 2018). This theory still has huge relevance in the tourism industry.…”

Vectorize Me! A Proposed Machine Learning Approach for Segmenting the Multi-optional Tourist

“…As a result, since the mid-1970s, numerous attempts have been made to develop typologies (Bailey, 2003;E. Cohen, 1972), define tourist roles (Foo et al, 2004;Lowyck et al, 1992), create taxonomies (Mapingure & du Plessis, 2022;Shapley, 2018), and identify market segments (D'Urso et al, 2016;McKercher et al, 2023;Srihadi et al, 2016) that describe consistent subgroups. This enabled tourism products to be tailored according to a market segment's characteristics, needs, and values (Dolnicar et al, 2012;Srihadi et al, 2016) while also simplifying tourism planning, marketing, and management (Dimitrios, 2022;Mariani et al, 2014).…”