Tourmaline Composition of the Kışladaĝ Au Deposit, Uşak, Turkey

Bozkaya, Gülcan; Hanilçi, Nurullah; Бакшеев, И. А.; Prokofiev, V. Yu.; Banks, David

doi:10.1111/1755-6724.12374_13

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Tourmaline is a complex borosilicate mineral that is widely distributed in porphyry deposits and is supposed to be a key prospecting guide, especially in porphyry W and Sn deposits [5][6][7][8][9]. However, it is normally present as an alteration or gangue mineral in porphyry Cu, Mo, and Au deposits, e.g., Peschanka and Ol'khovka porphyry Cu deposits in Chukchi Peninsula [10]; the Aktogai porphyry Cu deposit in Kazakhstan [7]; the Agua Rica porphyry Cu-Mo-Au deposit in Argentina [11]; the Salikvan porphyry Cu-Mo deposit in northeastern Turkey [12]; the Kışlada g porphyry Au deposit in western Turkey [13]; the Coxheath porphyry Cu-Mo-Au deposit in Nova Scotia [6]; and the Shiwu porphyry Cu-Au deposit in West Junggar [14]. Few studies have revealed the primary tourmaline and its relationship with the Cu, Mo, and Au mineralization in the porphyry ore-forming system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on the Formation of the Shiwu Porphyry Cu–Au Deposit in West Junggar, NW China: Insights from Tourmaline-Rich Igneous Rocks

Wang

Hong

et al. 2023

Minerals

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Tourmaline tends to occur in porphyry Cu–Au deposits as an alteration or gangue mineral. However, abundant primary tourmalines in miarolitic cavities or interstitially distributed with other silicate minerals have been found in the Shiwu porphyry Cu–Au deposit in West Junggar, NW China. These tourmalines are normally accompanied by pyrite and have a high affinity for Cu and Au mineralization. A combined study of the petrology, geochronology, isotope, and mineral geochemistry data of the tourmaline-rich igneous rocks and the wallrock of tourmaline-poor pyroxene diorite has been completed. The laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA–ICP–MS) U–Pb dating of zircons from tourmaline-poor pyroxene diorite, tourmaline-rich diorite, and tourmaline-rich andesite shows the ages of the zircons to be 317.0 ± 1.0 Ma (MSWD = 0.37, n = 18), 315.8 ± 1.0 Ma (MSWD = 0.84, n = 22), and 306.4 ± 1.6 Ma (MSWD = 1.15, n = 15), respectively. The relatively low values of Hf isotopes (εHf(t) = +6.0 to +13.6) suggest that the tourmaline-poor pyroxene diorite is sourced from a mixed melt of juvenile mantle materials with old crustal components. The tourmaline-rich diorite and the tourmaline-rich andesite that contain higher εHf(t) values (ranging from +13.3 to +17.9) are mainly derived from juvenile mantle materials. In addition, the εHf(t) values in the tourmaline-poor pyroxene diorite and the tourmaline-rich diorite (+13.3 to +16.1) and andesite (+16.3 to +17.9) are gradually rising with their age evolution, which indicates that more and more mantle-derived components are joining in their formation process. This process has also been recorded in primary tourmaline growth, e.g., the EPMA profile reveals an increase in the contents of Fe and other metals and a decrease in Al contents from the inside (core) to the outside (growth zoning). Therefore, the injection of mantle-derived magma that could supply the large amount of copper and gold was critical for the formation of the Shiwu porphyry Cu–Au deposit.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on the Formation of the Shiwu Porphyry Cu–Au Deposit in West Junggar, NW China: Insights from Tourmaline-Rich Igneous Rocks

Wang

Hong

et al. 2023

Minerals

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“…The Kışladag Au deposit, which is the subject of this study, is Europe's largest producing mine with different stages of mineralization occurring in the Miocene intrusive rocks (Figure 1). Tourmaline was developed in the Kışladag porphyry gold deposit and associated with all phases of mineralization [11]. However, a detailed study has not been conducted as to whether tourmalines are associated with the porphyry system or whether there is tourmaline formation in a late-stage hydrothermal system rather than the porphyry system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tourmaline Composition of the Kışladağ Porphyry Au Deposit, Western Turkey: Implication of Epithermal Overprint

et al. 2020

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The Kışladağ porphyry Au deposit occurs in a middle Miocene magmatic complex comprising three different intrusions and magmatic-hydrothermal brecciation related to the multiphase effects of the different intrusions. Tourmaline occurrences are common throughout the deposit, mostly as an outer alteration rim around the veins with lesser amounts disseminated in the intrusions, and are associated with every phase of mineralization. Tourmaline mineralization has developed as a tourmaline-rich matrix in brecciated zones and tourmaline-quartz and/or tourmaline-sulfide veinlets within the different intrusive rocks. Tourmaline was identified in the tourmaline-bearing breccia zone (TBZ) and intrusive rocks that had undergone potassic, phyllic, and advanced argillic alteration. The tourmaline is present as two morphological varieties, aggregates of fine crystals (rosettes, fan-shaped) and larger isolated crystals and their aggregates. Four tourmaline generations (tourmaline I to IV) have different compositions and substitutions. Tourmaline I in TBZ and INT#1 is distinguished by the highest Fetot and enriched in Fe3+. Tourmalines II and III occur as fine aggregates, accompanied by the formation of isolated crystals and are characterized by lower Fetot and Fe3+. Tourmaline IV is characterized by the lowest Fetot, enriched in Cl, and has the highest proportion of X-site vacancy among all the tourmalines. Tourmaline I may be attributed to the potassic stage in INT#1 and early tourmaline in TBZ. Tourmalines II and III from INT#1 and the TBZ could be referred to the phyllic stage. The low Fe content in tourmaline is caused by the simultaneous deposition of sulfide minerals. Tourmaline IV from the TBZ and tourmaline II from INT#3 are distinguished by the high X-site vacancy proportion up to the formation of X-site vacant species as well as enriched in Cl; they can be attributed to the argillic stage of the hydrothermal process. The textural and especially chemical data of the tourmaline from the Kışladağ Au deposit provide information on the physico-chemical conditions during the porphyry to epithermal transition and subsequent epithermal overprinting.

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Late magmatic – hydrothermal tourmaline occurrences within leucogranites in NW Anatolia (Turkey): Mineral chemistry and genetic implications

et al. 2021

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Tourmaline Composition of the Kışladaĝ Au Deposit, Uşak, Turkey

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Constraints on the Formation of the Shiwu Porphyry Cu–Au Deposit in West Junggar, NW China: Insights from Tourmaline-Rich Igneous Rocks

Constraints on the Formation of the Shiwu Porphyry Cu–Au Deposit in West Junggar, NW China: Insights from Tourmaline-Rich Igneous Rocks

Tourmaline Composition of the Kışladağ Porphyry Au Deposit, Western Turkey: Implication of Epithermal Overprint

Late magmatic – hydrothermal tourmaline occurrences within leucogranites in NW Anatolia (Turkey): Mineral chemistry and genetic implications

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