Toward a Better Understanding of Perceptions of Neighborhood Social Cohesion in Rural and Urban Places

Avery, Eileen E.; Hermsen, Joan M.; Kuhl, Danielle C.

doi:10.1007/s11205-021-02664-0

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…However, our results do fit with other literature demonstrating that motivation is a weaker predictor of PA than other psychological correlates, perhaps because motivation can be transient ( Ryan and Deci, 2000 ; Braver et al, 2014 ). Social cohesion has been noted among many rural communities ( Avery et al, 2021 ), and considering group attitudes and social support may be particularly important among individuals living in rural areas. On the other hand, urban areas may have more built-in support for PA with extensive infrastructure for PA, making social support and group attitudes less important in predicting PA level among urban adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological correlates of physical activity among adults living in rural and urban settings

Sirotiak,

Brellenthin,

Hariharan

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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Middle-aged and older adults living in rural settings have been consistently less likely to report regular physical activity (PA) than those living in urban settings. While past literature has identified sociodemographic and environmental correlates of PA that may contribute to these differences, consideration of psychological correlates has been limited. A total of 95 rural and urban adults ≥50 years old provided self-reported sociodemographic information, PA level, and psychological correlates of PA including measures assessing motivation, self-efficacy, social support, and attitudes related to PA. The average participant age was 68.6 years, and most were female (62.1%) and married (70.5%). While PA level did not differ significantly between the rural and urban groups, different psychological correlates contributed significantly to separate rural and urban linear regression models considering PA status. Among rural adults, more positive attitudes toward PA, and greater PA self-efficacy and social support were associated with greater amounts of PA while for urban adults, no psychological correlates were significantly associated with PA. Psychosocial factors may be key considerations in developing more effective PA interventions in middle-aged and older adults living in rural areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological correlates of physical activity among adults living in rural and urban settings

Sirotiak,

Brellenthin,

Hariharan

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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“…Social cohesion is a reoccurring predictor of FOC across urban literature (Scarborough et al, 2010); however, it is slightly contested within rural studies (Bolger & Bolger, 2019; Hodgkinson & Lunney, 2021). In general, rural communities are considered more socially cohesive than urban areas as they have more opportunities to create meaningful bonds and relationships with neighbors in comparison to larger, urban communities (Avery et al, 2021). This suggests that a reduction in social cohesion may have a strong influence on FOC in rural contexts and has been reiterated in this study (Avery et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, rural communities are considered more socially cohesive than urban areas as they have more opportunities to create meaningful bonds and relationships with neighbors in comparison to larger, urban communities (Avery et al, 2021). This suggests that a reduction in social cohesion may have a strong influence on FOC in rural contexts and has been reiterated in this study (Avery et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, many nonurban studies have also found inconsistent results for other individual-level predictors such as education and income (Bolger & Bolger, 2019; Hodgkinson & Lunney, 2021). Finally, rural neighborhoods are thought to be more socially cohesive than their counterparts (Avery et al, 2021). However, social cohesion has inconsistently predicted FOC in rural areas (Bolger & Bolger, 2019; Hodgkinson & Lunney, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Night After Night, My Heartbeat Shows the Fear: Examining Predictors of Fear of Crime in the Nonurban Australian Context

Sabine

Hodgkinson

2022

International Criminal Justice Review

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Research on fear of crime (FOC) is well established in urban contexts. However, few studies explore how common predictors of FOC operate within nonurban environments. This study examines typical predictors of FOC within the nonurban context of Roma, Queensland, and specifically explores mental health as a predictor in this context. Using survey data, key findings indicate that a number of individual and ecological level predictors, such as gender, prior victimization, social cohesion, and social disorder, remain consistent with previous literature on urban contexts. However, these results counter recent findings indicating that gender does not predict FOC in the nonurban context. Interestingly, the results also indicate that mental health is not a predictor of FOC. These findings present implications for fear reduction strategies and future research in nonurban contexts.

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“…A scoping review described social cohesion as a “positive aspect of rural life” that contributed to the success of physical activity programs in rural, remote Canadian communities 31 . Further, a descriptive study observed that rural communities have higher levels of social cohesion than urban communities 32 . However, studies that examine the contribution of social cohesion to physical activity among rural residents are rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contextualizing physical activity in rural adults: Do relationships between income inequality, neighborhood environments, and physical activity exist?

Baxter

Corbie-Smith

Griffin

2023

Health Services Research

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Objective: To examine if income inequality, social cohesion, and neighborhood walkability are associated with physical activity among rural adults. Data Source: Cross-sectional data came from a telephone survey (August 2020-March 2021) that examined food access, physical activity, and neighborhood environments across rural counties in a southeastern state. Study Design: Multinomial logistic regression models assessed the likelihood of being active versus inactive and insufficiently active versus inactive in this rural population. Coefficients are presented as relative risk ratios (RRRs). Statistical significance was determined using 95% confidence intervals (CIs). All analyses were performed in STATA 16.1. Data Collection/Extraction Methods: Trained university students administered the survey. Students verbally obtained consent, read survey items, and recorded responses into Qualtrics software. Upon survey completion, respondents were mailed a $10 incentive card and printed informed consent form. Eligible participants were ≥18 years old and current residents of included counties. Principal Findings: Respondents in neighborhoods with relatively high social cohesion versus low social cohesion were more likely to be active than inactive (RRR = 2.50, 95% CI: 1.27-4.90, p < 0.01), after accounting for all other variables in the model. Income inequality and neighborhood walkability were not associated with different levels of physical activity in the rural sample. Conclusions: Study findings contribute to limited knowledge on the relationship between neighborhood environmental contexts and physical activity among rural populations. The health effects of neighborhood social cohesion warrant more attention in health equity research and consideration when developing multilevel interventions to improve the health of rural populations.

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Toward a Better Understanding of Perceptions of Neighborhood Social Cohesion in Rural and Urban Places

Cited by 24 publications

References 69 publications

Psychological correlates of physical activity among adults living in rural and urban settings

Psychological correlates of physical activity among adults living in rural and urban settings

Night After Night, My Heartbeat Shows the Fear: Examining Predictors of Fear of Crime in the Nonurban Australian Context

Contextualizing physical activity in rural adults: Do relationships between income inequality, neighborhood environments, and physical activity exist?

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