Toward a luminescence chronology for coastal dune and beach deposits on Calvert Island, British Columbia central coast, Canada

Neudorf, Christina M.; Lian, Olav B.; Walker, Ian J.; Shugar, Dan H.; Eamer, Jordan B.R.; Griffin, Libby C.M.

doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2014.12.004

Cited by 17 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Bedrock in the area is composed of diorite, quartz diorite, granite, granodiorite, and tonalite (Roddick, 1996); Quaternary glacial landform and sedimentary deposits are relatively uncommon. Moraines are generally aligned east-west or northeast-southwest ( Figure 2) and in places westward, tracking the receding margin of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet (Eamer et al, 2017(Eamer et al, , 2018Neudorf et al, 2015). Figure 2.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 98%

Retreat of the Western Cordilleran Ice Sheet Margin During the Last Deglaciation

Darvill

Menounos

Goehring

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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The timing of Cordilleran Ice Sheet deglaciation along the central coast of British Columbia, Canada, informs climate forcing and early human migration. Thirty-two 10 Be exposure ages from glacial erratics and local bedrock on the western margin of the former ice sheet represent the earliest exposure ages for the Cordilleran Ice Sheet during the last deglaciation. These data show the western ice margin was retreating by 18.1 ± 0.2 ka, consistent with the global record of ice mass loss. In contrast, parts of the southern margin reached a maximum at ca. 17.6-16.6 ka, and our data demonstrate a diachronous response of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet during deglaciation. We also show that a low altitude site was exposed by at least 17.7 ± 0.3 ka, implying that numerous ice-free areas existed along the coastal margin by this time, providing a viable route for the first humans entering the Americas.Plain Language Summary Large ice sheets have advanced and retreated multiple times over the last several hundred thousand years in response to cyclical changes in incoming solar radiation. The Cordilleran Ice Sheet, which once covered much of western Canada, was thought to have advanced and retreated later than others during its last major cycle. The retreat of this ice sheet also opened routes that allowed the first people to enter the Americas. We show that the western margin of the ice sheet retreated earlier than previously thought. Other margins of the ice sheet advanced later, creating a complex picture through time. The early retreat of the western ice margin exposed numerous islands that could have been used by early people migrating southward.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 98%

Retreat of the Western Cordilleran Ice Sheet Margin During the Last Deglaciation

Darvill

Menounos

Goehring

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…However, previous studies of quartz OSL in tectonically active regions have shown challenging luminescence properties (e.g. Tsukamoto et al, 2003;Kondo et al, 2007;Steffen et al, 2009;Neudorf et al, 2015;Tamura et al, 2015). Thus, OSL of feldspars may provide a useful alternative chronometer if they can be demonstrated to be suitable for dating very young (< 1000 years), and potentially incompletelybleached sediments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-grain feldspar luminescence chronology of historical extreme wave event deposits recorded in a coastal lowland, Pacific coast of central Japan

Riedesel

Brill

Roberts

et al. 2018

Quaternary Geochronology

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The Shirasuka lowlands, located on the Enshu-nada coast of central Japan, record evidence for numerous extreme wave events. Here we test the applicability of using the luminescence signal from feldspars to date these young (< 1000 a) extreme wave event deposits. The signal used for dating is the IRSL signal (measured at 50°C) as part of a post-IR IRSL 130 procedure. We demonstrate that this IRSL 50 (pre-IR 130) signal results in reliable ages when corrected for fading, and the post-IR IRSL 130 stimulation functions as an optical wash for both the natural/ regenerated luminescence signal (L x) and the test dose signal (T x), lowering the recuperation and removing any remaining charge from previous steps in the protocol. The single grain IRSL 50 (pre-IR 130) ages generated cover the historical record of the past 800 years and correlate well with past earthquakes and tsunamis in 1361 CE, 1498 CE and 1605 CE. Another identified tsunami deposit may correlate with the 1707 CE earthquake and tsunami. A slope failure deposit, probably caused by the earthquake in 1944 CE, is also identified. This study demonstrates that accurate ages can be determined for the young, extreme wave events at this site using the luminescence signal from feldspars.

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“…The development and testing of laboratory procedures used for optical dating in the study area are summarized in Data S1, and are thoroughly covered in Neudorf et al . ().…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Late Quaternary landscape evolution in a region of stable postglacial relative sea levels, British Columbia central coast, Canada

Eamer

Shugar

Walker

et al. 2017

Boreas

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2018 (July): Late Quaternary landscape evolution in a region of stable postglacial relative sea levels, British Columbia central coast, Canada. Boreas, Vol. 47, pp. 738-753. https://doi.org/10.1111/bor.12297. ISSN 0300-9483.After retreat of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet (CIS) and subsequent glacio-isostatic adjustment of the central coast of British Columbia (BC), Canada, a complex coastline emerged as relative sea level rapidly reached equilibrium and maintained stability over the end of the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. This study provides a late Quaternary reconstruction of the landscape evolution of a geographically distinct location on the central BC coast, northwest Calvert Island, which experienced a re-advance of the CIS near the end of the Late Pleistocene and minimal subsequent relative sea-level change. Geomorphological observations from LiDAR imagery, sedimentological and palaeoecological evidence from exposures, cores and shovel pits, and a robust luminescence and 14 C-based chronology spanning the last 15 000 years are used to reconstruct the landscape of northwest Calvert Island following CIS retreat. A singlealiquot regenerative dose protocol that was developed specifically for luminescence dating of the sediments on Calvert Islandwas utilized in this study. Localized proglacial sedimentation was linked to the glacial re-advance experienced at the end of the Late Pleistocene. Extensive coastal reconfiguration (e.g. rapid shoreline progradation of >1 m a À1 ) occurred in the absence of extensive RSL change, which was the main driver of coastal change elsewhere along the BC coast. Changes in climate, small magnitude changes in RSL, and fire all probably played a role in isolated aeolian landform development and stabilization in the study area. An important contribution of this study is the documentation of the multi-disciplinary approach for reconstructing palaeogeography, using multiple geochronological methods, micro-and macro-sedimentology, the palaeoecology inferred from both macro and microfossils (e.g. diatoms and foraminifers), stratigraphy, field mapping and remote sensing. In addition, these findings inform our understanding of the drivers of coastal sedimentary processes, particularly in the temperate coastal rainforest region of BC, and the role that fire may play in those processes. Coastal palaeogeography studies in the region will become increasingly important as discoveries of Late Pleistocene human habitation along the coastal migration route continue to be documented.

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Toward a luminescence chronology for coastal dune and beach deposits on Calvert Island, British Columbia central coast, Canada

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

Retreat of the Western Cordilleran Ice Sheet Margin During the Last Deglaciation

Retreat of the Western Cordilleran Ice Sheet Margin During the Last Deglaciation

Single-grain feldspar luminescence chronology of historical extreme wave event deposits recorded in a coastal lowland, Pacific coast of central Japan

Late Quaternary landscape evolution in a region of stable postglacial relative sea levels, British Columbia central coast, Canada

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