Toward a New Theory of Podzolization

Browne, Bryant A.

doi:10.2136/1995.carbonforms.c12

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Complexation or precipitation between trivalent Fe/Al cations and SOM/DOM has been commonly found in leached soils, mine drainage waters, and aquifers. − Along with the fluctuation of redox conditions, organic–metal precipitates could also form via a strong covalent bond between DOM and Fe(III), which was derived from the oxidation of soluble Fe(II) as a result of an intrusion of dissolved oxygen . Although partition/adsorption of organic molecules may occur on the Fe hydroxides, carboxyl groups that dominate DOM structures provide abundant binding sites to co-precipitate with Fe(III). − Because co-precipitation showed a relatively higher C stabilization than partition/adsorption, , previous studies evidenced that co-precipitation between DOM and Fe was an important factor contributing to soil C storages …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization of Natural Organic Matter by Short-Range-Order Iron Hydroxides

Chen

Chan

et al. 2016

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is capable of modifying the surfaces of soil minerals (e.g., Fe hydroxides) or even forming stable co-precipitates with Fe(III) in a neutral environment. The DOM/Fe co-precipitation may alter biogeochemical carbon cycling in soils if the relatively mobile DOM is sorbed by soil minerals against leaching, runoff, and biodegradation. In this study, we aimed to determine the structural development of DOM/Fe co-precipitates in relation to changes in pH and C/(C + Fe) ratios using XRD, XPS, Fe K-edge XAS, FTIR, and C-NEXAFS techniques. The results showed that in the system with bulk C/(C + Fe) molar ratios ≤0.65, the ferrihydrite-like Fe domains were precipitated as the core and covered by the C shells. When the C/(C + Fe) molar ratio ranged between 0.71 and 0.89, the emerging Fe-C bonding suggested a more substantial association between Fe domains including edge- and corner-sharing FeO octahedra and DOM. With C/(C + Fe) bulk molar ratios ≥0.92, only corner-sharing FeO octahedra along with Fe-C bonding were found. The homogeneously distributed C and Fe domains caused the enhancement of Fe and C solubilization from co-precipitates. The C/(C + Fe) ratios dominated structural compositions and stabilities of C/Fe co-precipitates and may directly affect the Fe and C cycles in soils.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization of Natural Organic Matter by Short-Range-Order Iron Hydroxides

Chen

Chan

et al. 2016

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The observations are tested against the current podzolization paradigm, which holds that B horizons form through illuviation of humus (and sesquioxides) and E horizons form through re-dissolution of metal-organic complexes of the former B horizon (e.g. McKeague et al, 1978;Browne, 1995). Nierop's (1998) observation that B-horizon aliphatics in incipient podzols are root derived is taken into account.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal variation in podzol organic matter studied by pyrolysis‐gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and micromorphology

Buurman

Bergen

Jongmans

et al. 2004

European J Soil Science

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A well-developed podzol hydrosequence that has been partially covered with drift sand, and partially subjected to improved drainage, provides new insights into the causes of variation in soil organic matter chemistry in such soils. While E horizons invariably move towards a dominance of aliphatic components reflecting residual accumulation, the chemistry of organic matter in well-drained B horizons is determined mainly by decaying roots, which are transformed by microorganisms to humus aggregates. In poorly drained, stratified B horizons, humus coatings dominate and the chemistry is very close to that of dissolved organic carbon. When a sand cover inhibits the supply of fresh litter, microbial decomposition in the A horizon causes a shift in chemistry towards that of the E horizon. Similarly, upon improved drainage and removal of complexed metals from the top of the B horizon, microbial decomposition of all palatable organic matter in the top of the B horizon causes a shift towards E-horizon chemistry. This is probably the mechanism by which most E horizons in podzols are formed, and not by re-solution. Marked chemical changes upon improved drainage may take only decades. During microbial decay, small polysaccharide-derived pyrolysis products (mainly furans, furaldehydes and acetic acid) remain abundant due to the contribution of microbial sugars. Both micromorphology and factor analysis on quantified results of pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry contribute significantly to the interpretation of the humus chemistry of these profiles and thus to our understanding of soil genesis. Organic chemistry of the investigated podzols can be understood only in the context of their genesis.

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“…Forest soils appear to be relatively higher in fulvic acids than grassland soils, which have more humic acid domination of SOM . Fulvic acids are the major SOC species that chelate and precipitate/co-precipitate with Fe and Al in spodic (Bhs/Bs) horizons Browne, 1995). Fulvic acids and smaller (low molecular weight) organic acids can be highly important in Al regulation and nutrient cycling phenomena .…”

Section: Soil Organic Carbon: Occurrence Characteristics and Importmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic carbon and fertility of forest soils on the Allegheny Plateau of West Virginia

Jenkins¹

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Soil series occurring above 1020 m in elevation in the Monongahela National Forest in West Virginia were sampled and analyzed for soil organic and soil microbial biomass carbon as well as various fertility parameters. Additionally, vegetative biomass estimates were made at the sampling sites. The soil series sampled (established and tentative) are frigid, well and moderately-well drained inceptisols and spodosols, covered by northern hardwood or spuce-dominated forests. The purpose of the work was to document soil organic carbon (SOC), vegetative organic carbon (VOC), and soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) of selected horizons, and nutrient stock ranges for these extensive series, and to look at relationships among these parameters. These series contained from 11.3 to 18.8 kg m-2 SOC, and from 15.9 to 29.7 kg m-2 VOC. The SOC was found to be significantly greater than that of previously sampled analogous mesic series. Soil microbial biomass C was found to comprise from 4 to 65 percent of SOC in the Oe and A or AE horizons examined, and SMBC was greater in the horizons of the northern hardwood sites than those of the spruce sites. The SMBC of the frigid series was found to be closely correlated to SOC, and to base saturation of effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC). No strong correlations were observed between VOC and other measured parameters. The total stocks of Ca for these series ranged from 497 to 1095 kg ha-1. The total stocks of Mg ranged from 2085 to 6662 kg ha-1. The total stocks of P ranged from 765 to 2524 kg ha-1. The series of this study exhibit close correlations of extractable Ca and P to total stocks of these elements and to SOC within the sampled pedons. Extractable Mg, and extractable and total stocks of Ca and P were closely correlated to SOC and ECEC. This study and all I have learned from it is the result of the talent, work, and wisdom of many people to whom I am indebted. My greatest appreciation is extended for the generosity of patience and knowledge I received from Dr. Sencindiver, and from the rest of the committee members; Drs. Ray Hicks, Alan Sexstone, and Stanislaw Tajchman. My respect for you has only grown during the course of our association, and grows still. I would like to single out for appreciation Drs. Stanley Buol and Earl Stone, who offered insights and examples which I am still attempting to digest.

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Toward a New Theory of Podzolization

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Stabilization of Natural Organic Matter by Short-Range-Order Iron Hydroxides

Stabilization of Natural Organic Matter by Short-Range-Order Iron Hydroxides

Spatial and temporal variation in podzol organic matter studied by pyrolysis‐gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and micromorphology

Organic carbon and fertility of forest soils on the Allegheny Plateau of West Virginia

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