Toward an Efficient and Integrative Analysis of Limited-Choice Behavioral Experiments: Figure 1.

Schilling, Karl; Oberdick, John; Schilling, René L.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1452-12.2012

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(63 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…(e) The mean inter-pulse interval, here shown for the lower component of a Gaussian mixture model, showed considerable variation amongst strains. (f) The relative amounts of sine and pulse trains were treated as a "three-way choice' - between sine train, pulse train, and no song - and plotted as recommended by Schilling et al [45]. This method reveals that flies that produced more song overall sang proportionately fewer sine trains relative to pulse trains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-channel acoustic recording and automated analysis of Drosophila courtship songs

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundDrosophila melanogaster has served as a powerful model system for genetic studies of courtship songs. To accelerate research on the genetic and neural mechanisms underlying courtship song, we have developed a sensitive recording system to simultaneously capture the acoustic signals from 32 separate pairs of courting flies as well as software for automated segmentation of songs.ResultsOur novel hardware design enables recording of low amplitude sounds in most laboratory environments. We demonstrate the power of this system by collecting, segmenting and analyzing over 18 hours of courtship song from 75 males from five wild-type strains of Drosophila melanogaster. Our analysis reveals previously undetected modulation of courtship song features and extensive natural genetic variation for most components of courtship song. Despite having a large dataset with sufficient power to detect subtle modulations of song, we were unable to identify previously reported periodic rhythms in the inter-pulse interval of song. We provide detailed instructions for assembling the hardware and for using our open-source segmentation software.ConclusionsAnalysis of a large dataset of acoustic signals from Drosophila melanogaster provides novel insight into the structure and dynamics of species-specific courtship songs. Our new system for recording and analyzing fly acoustic signals should therefore greatly accelerate future studies of the genetics, neurobiology and evolution of courtship song.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-channel acoustic recording and automated analysis of Drosophila courtship songs

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An accepted way to analyze compositional data is to work with ratios between the observed values instead of the raw values themselves [ 28 ]. Thus, our primary outcome of interest in all inferential models was a preference ratio, calculated as the time spent by each rat in the N 2 O chamber divided by the time it spent in the control chamber in the same dyad.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because zero values are problematic when taking log-ratios, we added 5 sec to all zero values, which equaled one-half the lower limit of detection (i.e., 10 sec). As discussed extensively by Schilling and colleagues [ 28 ], this assumes that zero values for side chambers do not indicate that a rat would have continued exclusively occupying the central chamber (known as a structural zero). We felt that this assumption was reasonable because the experimental design during the first four dyads encouraged rats to eventually enter side chambers to access water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Addictive Vulnerability: Individual Differences in Initial Responding to a Drug’s Pharmacological Effects

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Considerable data suggest that individuals who appear minimally disrupted during an initial drug administration have elevated risk for abusing the drug later. A better understanding of this association could lead to more effective strategies for preventing and treating drug addiction. To investigate this phenomenon using a rigorous experimental model, we first administered the abused inhalant nitrous oxide (N2O) to rats in a total calorimetry and temperature system to identify groups that were sensitive or insensitive to the drug’s hypothermic effect. We then enrolled the two groups in a novel N2O self-administration paradigm. The initially insensitive rats self-administered significantly more N2O than sensitive rats, an important step in the transition to addiction. Continuous non-invasive measurement of core temperature and its underlying determinants during screening revealed that both groups had similarly increased heat loss during initial N2O administration, but that insensitive rats generated more heat and thereby remained relatively normothermic. Calorimetry testing conducted after self-administration revealed that whereas N2O’s effect on heat loss persisted comparably for both groups, initially insensitive rats actually over-responded by generating excess heat and becoming hyperthermic. Thus, rats with the greatest initial heat-producing compensatory response(s) appeared initially insensitive to N2O-induced hypothermia, subsequently self-administered more N2O, and developed hyperthermic overcompensation during N2O inhalation, consistent with increased abuse potential and an allostatic model of addictive vulnerability.

show abstract

“…Data were log transformed to account for heteroscedasticity. When ratio values such as the brain/plasma ratio were compared, these were log transformed before analysis to account for the constrained structure of ratio variables (e.g., Heslop, 2009;Schilling et al, 2012). The dependence of jumping behavior on 6b-naltrexol levels was modeled using a four-parametric log-normal curve taking into account that the response was a count variable.…”

Section: An Opioid Antagonist-based Preventive Therapy For Nasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preferential Delivery of an Opioid Antagonist to the Fetal Brain in Pregnant Mice

Oberdick

Ling

Phelps

et al. 2016

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prolonged fetal exposure to opioids results in neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), a major medical problem requiring intensive care and increased hospitalization times for newborns with NAS. Multiple strategies are currently available to alleviate withdrawal in infants with NAS. To prevent NAS caused by opioid maintenance programs in pregnant women, blocking fetal dependence without compromising the mother's opiate therapy is desirable. Here we tested in pregnant mice whether a peripherally selective opioid antagonist can preferentially enter the fetal brain and, thereby, in principle, selectively protect the fetus. We show using mass spectrometry that 6b-naltrexol, a neutral opioid antagonist with very limited ability to cross the bloodbrain barrier (BBB), readily crosses the placental barrier and enters the fetal brain at high levels, although it is relatively excluded from the maternal brain. Furthermore, owing to the late development of the BBB in postnatal mice, we show that 6b-naltrexol can readily enter the juvenile mouse brain until at least postnatal day 14. Taking advantage of this observation, we show that long-term exposure to morphine starting in the second postnatal week causes robust and quantifiable dependence behaviors that are suppressed by concomitant administration of 6b-naltrexol with much greater potency (ID 50 0.022-0.044 mg/kg, or 1/500 the applied dose of morphine) than previously demonstrated for either the suppression of central nervous system opioid effects or the induction of withdrawal in adults. These results indicate that peripherally selective opioid antagonists capable of penetrating the placenta may be beneficial for preventing or reducing neonatal dependence and NAS in a dose range that should not interfere with maternal opioid maintenance.

show abstract

Toward an Efficient and Integrative Analysis of Limited-Choice Behavioral Experiments: Figure 1.

Abstract: Editor's Note: Toolboxes are intended to describe and evaluate methods that are becoming widely relevant to the neuroscience community or to provide a critical analysis of established techniques. For more information, see http://www.jneurosci.org/misc/ifa_minireviews.dtl.

Cited by 12 publications

References 39 publications

Multi-channel acoustic recording and automated analysis of Drosophila courtship songs

Multi-channel acoustic recording and automated analysis of Drosophila courtship songs

Predicting Addictive Vulnerability: Individual Differences in Initial Responding to a Drug’s Pharmacological Effects

Preferential Delivery of an Opioid Antagonist to the Fetal Brain in Pregnant Mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About