“…On the one hand, organizations are usually structured around standardized procedures and behaviours (Davenport, 2005;Romero, Dijkman, Grefen, & van Weele, 2015), which pull against process flexibility. On the other hand, organizations also have to deal with business uncertainties, environmental changes, conflicting viewpoints, unique cases, variations, innovations, and evolutionary changes (Cognini et al, 2018;Mejri et al, 2016;Thuan, Phuong, George, Nkhoma, & Antunes, 2020), which push towards process flexibility. Without understanding the different forces involved in friction, BPM experts may find it difficult to realize flexible processes.…”