Toward clearer skies: Challenges in regulating transboundary haze in Southeast Asia

Lee, Janice Ser Huay; Jaafar, Zeehan; Tan, Alan Khee Jin; Carrasco, Luis; Ewing, J. Jackson; Bickford, David P.; Webb, Edward L.; Koh, Lian Pin

doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2015.09.008

Cited by 84 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Currently, there is rising concern in Indonesia's biodiversity research community over recent financial cuts from the government as well as the fact that the application process for foreign research permits in Indonesia is complicated and time-consuming (see review in Latifah 2015). Likewise, modern biodiversity inventory techniques like DNA-sequencing and -barcoding (Miller et al 2016, Morinière et al 2016 are much more expensive when conducted in Indonesia than, for instance, in Europe or Singapore.…”

Section: Conclusion and Challenges For Indonesian And Southeast Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If these genetic resources and the traditional knowledge associated with them are studied and utilized abroad (e.g., from basic biological research to applied research & development), the Nagoya Protocol on ABS applies. As a supplementary agreement to the CBD "it provides a transparent legal framework for […] the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources" (CBD Secretariat 2016c), and thus clearly identifies genetic resources as the property of the state in which they were found, e.g., in Indonesia (Latifah 2015).…”

Section: Biodiversity-related Conservation Programmes and Abs Regulatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other key drivers of biodiversity loss such as deforestation and habitat loss are continuing in Indonesia, and are similarly fatal. The long-term destruction of the huge carbon storage ecosystems on Sumatra and Kalimantan are certainly among the bigger challenges, not to mention the transboundary haze pollution caused by forest and peat fires (Lee et al 2016). …”

Section: Conclusion and Challenges For Indonesian And Southeast Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2), this aspect certainly is not trivial for the implementation of the protocol. Generally, so far, Indonesia has fully adopted the NP to give legal protection for genetic resources from its national biodiversity (Latifah 2015). …”

Section: Conclusion and Challenges For Indonesian And Southeast Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of biodiversity-related issues and challenges in megadiverse Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries

Rintelen¹,

Arida²,

Häuser³

2017

RIO

197

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Indonesia is one of the ten member states of the economically and politically diverse regional organization of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Southeast Asia comprises four of the 25 global biodiversity hotspots, three of the 17 global megadiverse countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines) and the most diverse coral reefs in the world. All member states are Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). We discuss ASEAN-wide joint activities on nature conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity that do not stop at national borders. The Indonesian archipelago comprises two of the world’s biodiversity hotspots (areas with a high degree of endemic species that are highly threatened by loss of habitats): Its insular character and complex geological history led to the evolution of a megadiverse fauna and flora on the global scale. The importance of biodiversity, e.g., in traditional medicine and agriculture, is deep-rooted in Indonesian society. Modern biodiversity pathways include new fields of application in technology, pharmacy and economy along with environmental policies. This development occurred not only in Indonesia but also in other biodiversity-rich tropical countries. This review summarizes and discusses the unique biodiversity of Indonesia from different angles (science, society, environmental policy, and bioeconomy) and brings it into context within the ASEAN region. The preconditions of each member state for biodiversity-related activities are rather diverse. Much was done to improve the conditions for biodiversity research and use in several countries, primarily in those with a promising economic development. However, ASEAN as a whole still has further potential for more joint initiatives. Especially Indonesia has the highest biodiversity potential within the ASEAN and beyond, but likewise the highest risk of biodiversity loss. We conclude that Indonesia has not taken full advantage of this potential yet. A growing national interest in local biodiversity as a natural resource is a welcome development on one hand, but the risk of too many restrictions for, e.g., the science community (high level of bureaucracy at all project stages from planning phase, visa procedures, field work permits, scientific exchange and project managment issues, governmental budget cuts for basic research and restricted access to international literature for Indonesian researchers) does significantly hamper the internationalization of biodiversity-related science. In the long run, Indonesia has to find a balance between protectionism and sensible access to its national biodiversity to tackle global challenges in biodiversity conservation, health issues, food security, and climate change.

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Section: Conclusion and Challenges For Indonesian And Southeast Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biodiversity-related Conservation Programmes and Abs Regulatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conclusion and Challenges For Indonesian And Southeast Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conclusion and Challenges For Indonesian And Southeast Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A review of biodiversity-related issues and challenges in megadiverse Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries

Rintelen¹,

Arida²,

Häuser³

2017

RIO

197

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“…Such huge challenges to develop effective internal coordination has attracted the attention of scholars interested in the state's capacity to manage FLPF (Herawati and Santoso 2011a;Quah and Johnston 2001;Purnomo et al 2017;Barber 2002;Simorangkir and Sumantri 2002;Tacconi and Vayda 2006;Gellert 1998). In a bigger domain, the capacity in the Southeast Asian region to manage transboundary haze was also under question (Sulaiman, Ibarahim, and Hooper 1998;Jones 2006;Cotton 1999;Lee et al 2016;Nurhidayah, Alam, and Lipman 2015;Tacconi, Jotzo, and Grafton 2008;Florano 2007;Nguitragool 2011;Litta 2012;Beeson 2010). Despite the extensive literature available on the topic, the analysis of internal coordination in managing FLPF is very limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balancing and counterbalancing : the Indonesian state addressing pressures to improve palm oil sector sustainability

Pramudya¹

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vi AcknowledgmentThough I was the one to take all steps in preparing, conducting and finalizing my PhD research, I did not travel alone. Many other people travelled with me, contributing to the success of my learning process and making my tough journey also a pleasant one. They invested their time and energy, sharing their intelligence in my research endeavour. There are far too many people to thank, without whom this project would not have materialised.I am fortunate to have received several years of funding from an interdisciplinary research program called 'Towards Environmentally Sustainable and Equitable Palm Oil' funded by the Interdisciplinary Research and Education Fund (INREF) of Wageningen University. When I started considering PhD research, I could not imagine that I would finally embark on a sixyear journey of research and writing. I would say that in these six years, it has been a luxury to spend most of my time working as a researcher, while also struggling to secure a livelihood from short-time assignments.

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Emergent geographies of chronic air pollution governance in Southeast Asia: Transboundary publics in Singapore

Varkkey

2022

Env Pol Gov

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Haze is a product of in‐situ biomass fires that becomes mobile as it moves across state boundaries in Southeast Asia. The literature on the governance of transboundary air commons has largely been fixed at the national or supranational scalar of reference. Hence, successes and failures tend to be evaluated based on policy and diplomatic (non)progress. This paper contributes to recent literature that argues that haze should be treated as a challenge and opportunity for transboundary governance and not merely transnational governance. Transboundary governance does not restrict the study of cross‐border relations to national scales of analysis but encompasses resource connections that traverse borders at all scales of governance. This paper focuses on Singapore, a state where biomass fires do not occur but where the effects of haze are acutely felt. Among ASEAN member states, Singapore has been viewed as a particularly active player in region‐wide governance on haze. However, the role of non‐state environmental stewardship initiatives in pathfinding, nudging, and signalling state, corporate and regional actors towards emergent transboundary governance arrangements have been underplayed. By focusing on the efforts of the Singapore Institute of International Affairs (SIIA), Singapore Environment Council (SEC), and People's Movement to Stop Haze (PM Haze), this paper explores how transboundary publics can fill policy gaps in transnational haze governance regimes. As a highly depoliticised city‐state, Singapore's experience serves as a microcosm for ways forward within the broader ASEAN geopolitical culture favouring depoliticised ‘engaged non‐indifference’.

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Toward clearer skies: Challenges in regulating transboundary haze in Southeast Asia

Cited by 84 publications

References 47 publications

A review of biodiversity-related issues and challenges in megadiverse Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries

A review of biodiversity-related issues and challenges in megadiverse Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries

Balancing and counterbalancing : the Indonesian state addressing pressures to improve palm oil sector sustainability

Emergent geographies of chronic air pollution governance in Southeast Asia: Transboundary publics in Singapore

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