Toward digitally controlled catalyst architectures: Hierarchical nanoporous gold via 3D printing

Zhu, Cheng; Zhang, Qi; Beck, Victor A.; Luneau, Mathilde; Lattimer, Judith; Chen, Wen; Worsley, Marcus A.; Ye, Jianchao; Duoss, Eric B.; Spadaccini, Christopher M.; Friend, Cynthia M.; Biener, Juergen

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aas9459

Cited by 165 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In a similar manner, Biener et al. demonstrated the 3D printing of a hierarchical porous gold monolith. An Ag–Au composite ink composed of Ag and Au clays and melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) leaf oil was 3D printed into a lattice cube.…”

Section: Advanced Materials Fabricated By Diwmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…By using the hierarchical co-assembly-enhanced DIW method, we have successfully fabricatedh ierarchically porous 3D silica monoliths and fluorescent organosilica lattices. [76] In as imilarm anner,B iener et al demonstrated [122] the 3D printing of ah ierarchical porous gold monolith. An Ag-Au composite ink composed of Ag and Au clays and melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) leaf oilw as 3D printed into al attice cube.…”

Section: Hierarchically Ordered Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advanced Polymer Designs for Direct‐Ink‐Write 3D Printing

Lin

Tang

et al. 2019

Chemistry A European J

194

161

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The rapid development of additive manufacturing techniques, also known as three‐dimensional (3D) printing, is driving innovations in polymer chemistry, materials science, and engineering. Among current 3D printing techniques, direct ink writing (DIW) employs viscoelastic materials as inks, which are capable of constructing sophisticated 3D architectures at ambient conditions. In this perspective, polymer designs that meet the rheological requirements for direct ink writing are outlined and successful examples are summarized, which include the development of polymer micelles, co‐assembled hydrogels, supramolecularly cross‐linked systems, polymer liquids with microcrystalline domains, and hydrogels with dynamic covalent cross‐links. Furthermore, advanced polymer designs that reinforce the mechanical properties of these 3D printing materials, as well as the integration of functional moieties to these materials are discussed to inspire new polymer designs for direct ink writing and broadly 3D printing.

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Section: Advanced Materials Fabricated By Diwmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Hierarchically Ordered Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Polymer Designs for Direct‐Ink‐Write 3D Printing

Lin

Tang

et al. 2019

Chemistry A European J

194

161

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“…In this way, Ag foams with a density down to 1.3 mg cm −3 and an electrical conductivity of up to 1.3 S cm −1 were obtained. In another recent work, Zhu et al presented a combined 3D printing with a dealloying approach. The initial thixotropic Au–Ag composite inks were prepared by mixing Ag clay, Au clay (metal powders, water, and organic binders), and an organic solvent, which were then printed to form a desired architecture.…”

Section: Fabrication Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Self‐Supported Noble Metal Foams Toward Electrocatalysis and Beyond

Hübner

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

106

105

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Noble metals, despite their expensiveness, display irreplaceable roles in widespread fields. To acquire novel physicochemical properties and boost the performance‐to‐price ratio for practical applications, one core direction is to engineer noble metals into nanostructured porous networks. Noble metal foams (NMFs), featuring self‐supported, 3D interconnected networks structured from noble‐metal‐based building blocks, have drawn tremendous attention in the last two decades. Inheriting structural traits of foams and physicochemical properties of noble metals, NMFs showcase a variety of interesting properties and impressive prospect in diverse fields, including electrocatalysis, heterogeneous catalysis, surface‐enhanced Raman scattering, sensing and actuation, etc. A number of NMFs have been created and versatile synthetic approaches have been developed. However, because of the innate limitation of specific methods and the insufficient understanding of formation mechanisms, flexible manipulation of compositions, structures, and corresponding properties of NMFs are still challenging. Thus, the correlations between composition/structure and properties are seldom established, retarding material design/optimization for specific applications. This review is devoted to a comprehensive introduction of NMFs ranging from synthesis to applications, with an emphasis on electrocatalysis. Challenges and opportunities are also included to guide possible research directions in this field and promote the interest of interdisciplinary scientists.

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“…Despite these advances, the pursuit of exceedingly small pores to obtain high specific surface area restricts mass transport in nanoporous metal. Recent studies have centered on the development of hierarchically porous metals, which have combined macro‐ and meso‐porosity that promotes fast mass exchange . A hierarchical structure with nano‐ to macro‐scaled pore sizes can indeed be utilized for smooth mass transport combined with a large specific surface area.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to these conventional methods, it has recently been reported that hierarchical nanoporous gold can be fabricated by 3D printing using Au and Ag “inks” and chemical dealloying. Pores with controlled sizes between 30 nm and 1000 µm can markedly improve mass transport and reaction rates . This combination of techniques provides an alternative route for obtaining complex hierarchical structures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical Nanoporous Copper Architectures via 3D Printing Technique for Highly Efficient Catalysts

Zhang

Sun

Nomura

et al. 2019

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Nanoporous metals represent a class of functional materials with unique bicontinuous open porous structural properties, making them ideal candidates for various catalyst applications. However, the pursuit of nanoporous properties, extremely small pores, and high surface area, results in the restriction of mass transport. Herein, a free‐standing hierarchical nanoporous Cu material, prepared by a selective laser melting 3D printing technique and a one‐step dealloying process, is presented as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation. It is demonstrated that the digitally controlled hierarchical structure with macro‐ and nano‐scaled pores can be utilized for promoting and directing mass transport as well as for the enhancement of catalytic properties. This work highlights a facile, low‐cost, and alternative strategy for hierarchical nanoporous structure design that can be applied to binary, ternary, and quaternary metal alloys for various functional applications.

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Toward digitally controlled catalyst architectures: Hierarchical nanoporous gold via 3D printing

Abstract: Digitally controlled catalyst architectures via 3D printing potentially revolutionize the design of chemical plants.

Cited by 165 publications

References 41 publications

Advanced Polymer Designs for Direct‐Ink‐Write 3D Printing

Advanced Polymer Designs for Direct‐Ink‐Write 3D Printing

Engineering Self‐Supported Noble Metal Foams Toward Electrocatalysis and Beyond

Hierarchical Nanoporous Copper Architectures via 3D Printing Technique for Highly Efficient Catalysts

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