Toward Innovative Hemocompatible Surfaces: Crystallographic Plane Impact on Platelet Activation

Abstract

The anticoagulation treatment of cardiovascular patients, which is mandatory after implantation of heart valves or stents, has significantly adverse effects on life quality. This treatment can be reduced or even circumvented by developing novel antithrombogenic surfaces of blood-contacting implants. Thus, we aim to discover materials exhibiting outstanding hemocompatibility compared to other available synthetic materials. We present promising surficial characteristics of single crystalline alumina in terms of platelet activation inhibition. In order to elucidate the relation between its crystallographic properties including the plane orientation and blood cell behavior, we examined endothelialization, cytocompatibility, and platelet activation at the blood-alumina interfaces in a controlled experimental setup. We observed that the cell response is highly sensitive to the plane orientation and differs significantly for (0001) and (11–20) planes of Al2O3. Our results reveal for the first time the dependence of platelet activation on crystallographic orientation, which is assumed to be a critical condition controlling the thrombogenicity. Additionally, we used an endothelial cell monolayer as an internal control since endothelial cells have an impact on vessel integrity and implant acceptance. We successfully demonstrate that Al2O3(11–20) exhibits enhanced hemocompatibility in contrast to Al2O3(0001) and is comparable to the physiological endothelial monolayer in vitro.

Unveiling the main factors triggering the coagulation at the SiC‐blood interface

“…The 4H and 6H polymorphs of SiC showed lower hemocompatibility levels compared to previously examined surfaces, e.g., alumina (110) 23 . In the case of cytocompatibility, HUVECs on two SiC polymorphs did not exhibit a notable difference in the viability rates (Figure 4).…”

“…The 4H and 6H polymorphs of SiC showed lower hemocompatibility levels compared to previously examined surfaces, e.g., alumina (1120). 23 In the case of cytocompatibility, HUVECs on two SiC polymorphs did not exhibit a notable difference in the viability rates (Figure 4). These findings are in a very good agreement with Coletti et al 27 We also verified the similar thrombogenic characteristics, i.e., the average number of activated platelets, adsorbed protein concentration and surface-expressed P-selectin levels of 4H and 6H…”

“…Also, we used an endothelium monolayer as a pure hemocompatible surface control. Preparation steps of endothelial monolayer were previously described 23 …”

Properties of Cold Sprayed Titanium and Titanium Alloy Coatings after Laser Surface Treatment

“…Wetting angle measurements of CS titanium-based materials, and analyses of LSTinduced changes, are important from the point of view of potential implementation in biomedical applications [51]. The wettability of the materials was determined in the same conditions and using the exact same liquid (deionised water), so the influence of the surface tension of the liquid (therefore its purity and temperature) may be disregarded as the main factor causing alterations.…”

Simultaneous control of the mechanical properties and adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to suppress platelet adhesion on a supramolecular substrate

“…We dened the activation degrees of the platelets as three steps according to previous reports: (I) primary contact, (II) extension of lopodia, and (III) fully spread platelets. 47,48 Subsequently, we counted the number of adhered platelets with their activation degrees (Fig. 3a and S13 †).…”