In this editorial, we reflect on the purpose of the Provocation Essays section in Management Learning from the perspective of an incoming Section Editor and an outgoing Editor-in-Chief. We provide insight into the editorial thinking that led to the development of this section 4 years ago and reflect on what it has achieved since then. We take stock of the possibilities that this has opened up and encourage authors, reviewers and readers to engage with the section as a source of critical, reflexive insight and opportunity. Willmott's (1994) article in this journal 'Management education: Provocations to a debate', provided the initial impetus behind the decision to create a separate section in this journal. The purpose was to provide a forum for essay-like, polemical writing on important and topical issues concerning management learning, education and knowledge in organisations. The value of such writing arises from its potential in contributing to 'a process of critical reflection' (Willmott, 1994: 105). Essay writing is inherently more 'discursive and speculative' (p. 129) than conventionally found in standard academic articles and can be more conversational, experimental or poetic. For Willmott, the issue at hand is the normalisation and standardisation of technocratically-driven forms of management education. He argues that we need to reconsider development-driven approaches, which address the broader, societal impact and contributions of management education. As Willmott's essay highlights, provocation seeks to acknowledge uncertainty. This requires 'a very different orientation to feelings of ignorance, uncertainty, confusion, ambiguity and even chaos' (p. 122). Willmott's claims are particularly resonant in the current moment when the management learning community faces global challenges related to the unsustainability of 'business as usual' in the face of current global crises including climate change, social inequalities and the Covid-19 pandemic.