Toward RCS Magnitude Level Coding for Chipless RFID

Rance, Olivier; Siragusa, Romain; Lemaître-Auger, Pierre; Perret, Etienne

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2016.2562625

Cited by 117 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For comparison purposes, Table 1 reports the spectral and spatial capacities, the coding density, and read and frequency ranges of the proposed tag in contrast to other tags available in literature also designed for bistatic systems [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. It is clear from the table that our proposed design outperforms the previously reported results, in terms of space and frequency band efficiencies.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the "zero"and "one"digits are considered as elementary bits in the signature. Each resonance is related to a physical scatterer, and the coding capacity is then associated with the number of resonators existing in the tag and in the allowed frequency band [21]. Therefore, the number of codes can be exponentially increased by simply increasing the number of bits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that the shape of resonators in FSS-based tags mainly governs the spectral encoding capacity. Chipless tags with patch-based resonators of square loop, U, V, C, and I shapes have been designed and demonstrated in the literature [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. A dual-polarization coding method is a practical alternative in the quest for higher data capacities in FD chipless RFID tags.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A High-Density L-Shaped Backscattering Chipless Tag for RFID Bistatic Systems

Issa

Alshoudokhi

Ashraf

et al. 2018

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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Chipless radiofrequency identification (RFID) technology is very promising for sensing, identification, and tracking for future Internet of Things (IoT) systems and applications. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a compact 18-bit, dual polarized chipless RFID tag. The proposed tag is based on L-shaped resonators designed so as to maximize the spectral and spatial encoding capacities. The proposed RFID tag operates an over 4 GHz frequency band (i.e., 6.5 GHz to 10.5 GHz). The tag is simulated, fabricated, and tested in a nonanechoic milieu. The measured data have shown good agreement with the simulation results, with respect to resonators' frequency positions, null depth, and null bandwidth over the operating spectrum. The proposed design achieves spectral and spatial encoding capacities of 4.5 bits/GHz and 18.8 bits/cm 2 , respectively. This, in turn, gives an encoding density of 4.7 bits/GHz/cm 2 . For code identification, we exploit the frequency content of the backscattered signals and identify similarity/correlation features with reference codes.

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Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A High-Density L-Shaped Backscattering Chipless Tag for RFID Bistatic Systems

Issa

Alshoudokhi

Ashraf

et al. 2018

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Spectral signature barcodes (as they are usually designated to point out the similarity with optical barcodes) can be of two main types: retransmission based [17], [18] and backscattered based [19], [25] tags. The former consists of a transmission line loaded with resonant elements (or with resonant elements coupled to it) and two cross polarized antennas, one for reception and one for transmission, so that interference between the interrogation signal and the retransmitted encoded signal is minimized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-Field Chipless-RFID System With High Data Capacity for Security and Authentication Applications

Herrojo

Mata-Contreras

Núñez

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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Abstract-A high data capacity chipless radiofrequency identification (chipless-RFID) system, useful for security and authentication applications, is presented in this paper. Reading is based on near-field coupling between the tag, a chain of identical split ring resonators (SRRs) printed on a (typically flexible) dielectric substrate (e.g., liquid crystal polymer, plastic, paper, etc.), and the reader. Encoding is achieved by the presence or absence of SRRs at predefined (equidistant) positions in the chain, and tag identification is based on sequential bit reading. Namely, the tag must be longitudinally displaced, at short distance, over the reader, a microstrip line loaded with a SRR and fed by a harmonic signal. By this means, the harmonic signal is amplitude modulated, and the identification (ID) code is contained in the envelope function, which can be obtained by means of an envelope detector. With this system, tag reading requires proximity with the reader, but this is not an issue in many applications within the domain of security and authentication (e.g., secure paper for corporate documents, certificates, etc.). Several circularly-shaped 40-bit encoders (implemented in a commercial microwave substrate), and the corresponding reader, are designed and fabricated as proof-of-concept demonstrators. Strategies for programming the tags and a first proof-of-concept chipless-RFID tag fabricated on plastic substrate through inkjet printing are included in the paper.

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“…Concerning chipless RFID tags, the interest in this work, transmission lines loaded with multiple resonant elements, each tuned to a different frequency, have been proposed as multi-resonant frequency domain based tags [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. In such chipless-RFID systems, the interrogation signal is a multi-frequency sweeping signal covering the spectral bandwidth of the resonant elements, and the ID code is inferred from the dips present in the frequency response (retransmission based tags) [31][32][33][34][35][36][37] or in the radar cross section response (backscattered tags) [38][39][40][41][42][43][44], caused by the resonant elements. Therefore, the presence or absence of dips at predefined frequencies (each one corresponding to a different bit) is associated with the logic state '1' or '0'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High data density and capacity in chipless radiofrequency identification (chipless-RFID) tags based on double-chains of S-shaped split ring resonators (S-SRRs)

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The data density per surface (DPS) is a figure of merit in chipless radiofrequency identification (chipless-RFID) tags. In this paper, it is demonstrated that chipless-RFID tags with high DPS can be implemented by using double-chains of S-shaped split ring resonators (S-SRRs). Tag reading is achieved by near-field coupling between the tag and the reader, a CPW transmission line fed by a harmonic signal tuned to the resonance frequency of the S-SRRs. By transversally displacing the tag over the CPW, the transmission coefficient of the line is modulated by tag motion. This effectively modulates the amplitude of the injected (carrier) signal at the output port of the line, and the identification (ID) code, determined by the presence or absence of S-SRRs at predefined and equidistant positions in the chains, is contained in the envelope function. The DPS is determined by S-SRR dimensions and by the distance between S-SRRs in the chains. However, by using two chains of S-SRRs, the number of bits per unit length that can be accommodated is very high. This chipless-RFID system is of special interest in applications where the reading distance can be sacrificed in favor of data capacity (e.g., security and authentication). Encoding of corporate documents, ballots, exams, etc., by directly printing the proposed tags on the item product to prevent counterfeiting is envisaged.

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Toward RCS Magnitude Level Coding for Chipless RFID

Cited by 117 publications

References 26 publications

A High-Density L-Shaped Backscattering Chipless Tag for RFID Bistatic Systems

A High-Density L-Shaped Backscattering Chipless Tag for RFID Bistatic Systems

Near-Field Chipless-RFID System With High Data Capacity for Security and Authentication Applications

High data density and capacity in chipless radiofrequency identification (chipless-RFID) tags based on double-chains of S-shaped split ring resonators (S-SRRs)

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