NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS ATTRACT MANAGERS and leaders who are inspired by a social cause and seek to make a difference. Passion for a cause is crucial; however, passion alone cannot build and sustain organizations. Long-term success requires knowledge and application of strategic management tools and techniques (Cochran, David, and Gibson 2008 ). In this exploratory study, we focused on an important strategic management tool-the mission statement -and examined whether it matters to nonprofit performance. Drucker ( 1974 ), an influential business strategy thinker, underscored the central role of mission statements in driving organizational strategy and performance. Although nonprofit strategic management scholars acknowledge the salience of a mission statement (for example, Anheier 2005 ; Phills 2005 ), not all nonprofit leaders recognize its strategic value. As a result, attitudes toward mission statements vary. Whereas some consider mission statements to be