Toward the production of antihydrogen at rest in ATHENA

The ATHENA apparatus that recently produced and detected the first cold antihydrogen atoms is described. Its main features, which are described herein, are: an external positron accumulator, making it possible to accumulate large numbers of positrons; a separate antiproton catching trap, optimizing the catching, cooling and handling of antiprotons; a unique high resolution antihydrogen annihilation detector, allowing an clear determination that antihydrogen has been produced; an open, modular design making variations in the experimental approach possible and a ‘‘nested’’ Penning trap situated in a cryogenic, 3T magnetic field environment used for the mixing of the antiprotons and positrons

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The ATHENA antihydrogen apparatus

Amoretti

Amsler

Bonomi

et al. 2004

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Production and detection of cold antihydrogen atoms

Amoretti

Amsler

Bonomi

et al. 2002

Nature

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767

452

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Possibilities for achieving antihydrogen recombination and trapping using a nested Penning trap and a magnetic well

et al. 2002

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A theoretical study is presented regarding some possibilities for achieving antihydrogen recombination and trapping using a nested Penning trap and a magnetic well. The work reported consists of a review, an extension, and applications of the relevant knowledge base. A nested Penning trap produces a magnetic field, which provides plasma confinement perpendicular to the magnetic field, and an electric field associated with a nested-well potential profile. The nested-well potential profile provides plasma confinement parallel to the magnetic field for oppositely signed plasma species that can have overlapping confinement regions. A configuration is considered in which the electric field is applied in two regions of uniform magnetic field that reside on opposite sides of a magnetic well region. The electric field confines overlapping positron and antiproton plasmas, which thread the magnetic well region. The magnetic well region would serve to trap a fraction of any antihydrogen atoms that are formed. Two different methods are considered for achieving overlap of positron and antiproton plasmas. For each, a set of conditions is predicted for achieving antihydrogen recombination and trapping. Although the study reported specifically considers simultaneous confinement of positron and antiproton plasmas in nested Penning traps, much of the information presented is also relevant to the prospect of merging other pairs of oppositely signed plasmas (e.g., electron and positron plasmas).

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Toward the production of antihydrogen at rest in ATHENA

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

The ATHENA antihydrogen apparatus

The ATHENA antihydrogen apparatus

Production and detection of cold antihydrogen atoms

Possibilities for achieving antihydrogen recombination and trapping using a nested Penning trap and a magnetic well

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