Toward the promise of microRNAs – Enhancing reproducibility and rigor in microRNA research

Witwer, Kenneth W.; Halushka, Marc K.

doi:10.1080/15476286.2016.1236172

Cited by 147 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…These observations, along with the conservation of microRNAs and their targets in species that can be part of the human food supply (Friedman et al., ; Lee et al., ; van Herwijnen et al., ) sparked the interest for dietary microRNAs’ (sometimes termed as xenomiRs) transfer and function in human consumers (Auerbach et al., ; Fabris & Calin, ; Kang et al., ; Witwer, ; Witwer & Halushka, ; Witwer & Hirschi, ; Witwer, McAlexander, Queen, & Adams, ).…”

Section: Milk Micrornas In Health and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Milk MicroRNAs in Health and Disease

Benmoussa

Provost

2019

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs responsible for regulating 40% to 60% of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. The discovery of circulating microRNAs in several biological fluids opened the path for their study as biomarkers and long‐range cell‐to‐cell communication mediators. Their transfer between individuals in the case of blood transfusion, for example, and their high enrichment in milk have sparked the interest for microRNA transfer through diet, especially from mothers to infants during breastfeeding. The extension of such paradigm led to the study of milk microRNAs in the case of cow or goat milk consumption in adults. Here we provide a comprehensive critical review of the key findings surrounding milk microRNAs in human, cow, and goat milk among other species. We discuss the data on their biological properties, their use as disease biomarkers, their transfer between individuals or species, and their putative or verified functions in health and disease of infants and adult consumers. This work is based on all the literature available and integrates all the results, theories, debates, and validation studies available so far on milk microRNAs and related areas of investigations. We critically discuss the limitations and outline future aspects and avenues to explore in this rapidly growing field of research that could impact public health through infant milk formulations or new therapies. We hope that this comprehensive review of the literature will provide insight for all teams investigating milk RNAs’ biological activities and help ensure the quality of future reports.

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Section: Milk Micrornas In Health and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Milk MicroRNAs in Health and Disease

Benmoussa

Provost

2019

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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“…Proper validation of hybridization, amplification and interpretation is required [95]. While a full discussion of the unique challenges of miRNA research is beyond the scope of this paper, we direct the reader to the excellent article by Witwer and Halushka for further discussion [95]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, there are nuances to transfecting or introducing miRNAs or their inhibitors into cells. The supraphysiologic overexpression of miRNAs obtained by transfection may have different biologic effects [95]. Mayya et al have shown that miRNAs work in a variable dose-dependent fashion with their mRNA binding sites [96].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MicroRNA Changes in Preconditioning-Induced Neuroprotection

Bell

Cho

Giffard

2017

Transl. Stroke Res.

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Preconditioning is a paradigm in which sub-lethal stress – prior to a more injurious insult – induces protection against injury. In the central nervous system (CNS), preconditioning against ischemic stroke is induced by short durations of ischemia, brief seizures, exposure to anesthetics, and other stresses. Increasing evidence supports the contribution of microRNAs (miRNAs) to the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia and ischemic tolerance induced by preconditioning. Studies investigating miRNA changes induced by preconditioning have to date identified 562 miRNAs that change expression levels after preconditioning, and 15% of these changes were reproduced in at least one additional study. Of miRNAs assessed as changed by preconditioning in more than one study, about 40% changed in the same direction in more than one study. Most of the studies to assess the role of specific miRNAs in the neuroprotective mechanism of preconditioning were performed in vitro, with fewer studies manipulating individual miRNAs in vivo. Thus, while many miRNAs change in response to preconditioning stimuli, the mechanisms underlying their effects are not well understood. The data does suggest that miRNAs may play significant roles in preconditioning-induced neuroprotection. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge of the possible role of miRNAs in preconditioning-induced cerebral protection.

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“…As a result, microRNAs have been useful in diagnoses of bladder, kidney, prostate and testicular cancers [8,10]. There are still challenges for microRNAs in its applications, as it can be difficult to assay for miRNA and miRNAs may affect multiple genes that are not of interest [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue microRNAs as Cancer Tissue Biomarkers

Upadhya¹

2017

J Tissue Sci Eng

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AbstractmicroRNA (miRNA) is non-coding RNA sequences that modify DNA, typically through cleavages. They can have an effect on cell cycle progression, namely through inhibiting regulators for tumorigenesis control. Because of this, specific miRNA sequences can be monitored for cancer detection purposes. This detection is conducted through a variety of methods, such as in tissue, blood plasma, serum, ductal lavage fluid and nipple aspirate fluid. Recent research has been done to compare miRNA detection accuracy between these methods, especially with tissue analyses since this tends to be more invasive. Imaging methods have been utilized for cancer detection, but they are less effective in staging cancers, which is necessary for clinicians to provide individualized treatments. In several cases, detection accuracy has been compared to the accuracy from biopsy methods, which is a common practice but also invasive. In the future, non-invasive techniques of detection and personalized treatments will be the emphasis of research in cancer detection.

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Toward the promise of microRNAs – Enhancing reproducibility and rigor in microRNA research

Cited by 147 publications

References 123 publications

Milk MicroRNAs in Health and Disease

Milk MicroRNAs in Health and Disease

MicroRNA Changes in Preconditioning-Induced Neuroprotection

Tissue microRNAs as Cancer Tissue Biomarkers

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