Toward the Use of Research and Diagnostic Algorithmic Rules to Assess the Recurrence of Illness and Major Dysmood Disorder Features: The Diagnosis “Bipolar Disorder” Is Useless

Maes, Michaël

doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-3230-7_3

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Therefore, it is important for biomarker research in mood disorders to utilize these RADAR scores to analyze associations between biomarker pan-omics data and the relevant clinical scores, including ROI, lifetime and current suicidal behaviors and phenome characteristics. Hence, it is more beneficial to employ our quantitative scores of ROI and the phenome in statistical analyses or machine learning techniques rather than depending on incorrect binary DSM/ICD diagnoses [1,6,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the studies of the first author were performed in Thai and Brazil patients, the results deserve replication in other countries and ethnicities. Lastly, more research is needed on the impact of ROI in MDD versus BD patients [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, it is worth noting that researchers have also developed a comparable ROI index for individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD) [3,4,31]. From the number of depressive episodes, (hypo)manic episodes, and frequency of suicidal ideation and self-harm, researchers have identified a consistent factor in BP patients [3,4,31]. These results show that the recurrence of depressive, (hypo)manic episodes, and suicidal behaviors are manifestations of the same underlying concept, namely ROI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent study, a novel clinimetrics method called Research and Diagnostic Algorithmic Rules (RADAR) was developed which encompasses quantitative scores of all relevant features of MDD, including ACEs, ROI, and phenome features [6]. Moreover, these quantitative RADAR scores may be presented graphically in RADAR or spider graphs [6,31]. These graphs provide a visual representation of all patient's characteristics, including ROI, thus shaping a unique fingerprint.…”

Section: Clinical Relevance Of Roimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is crucial to understand that these factors must demonstrate high quality fit standards, such as having satisfactory AVE, Cronbach's α or composite reliability values, and displaying appropriate loadings (>0.66) for all variables on the latent vectors. Furthermore, it is worth noting that researchers have also developed a comparable ROI index for individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD) [3,4,31]. From the number of depressive episodes, (hypo)manic episodes, and frequency of suicidal ideation and self-harm, researchers have identified a consistent factor in BP patients [3,4,31].…”

Section: Computation Of Roimentioning

confidence: 99%

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The recurrence of illness (ROI) index is a key factor in major depression that indicates increasing immune-linked neurotoxicity and vulnerability to suicidal behaviors

Maes,

Jirakran,

Vasupanrajit

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: The first author of this paper introduced new precision nomothetic models for a major depressive episode (MDD) which incorporate quantitative scores that measure recurrence of illness (ROI). Objective: To explore the connections between ROI and biomarkers related to an activated immune network, immune-linked neurotoxicity (INT), and a combined INT and atherogenicity index (METAMMUNE). Methods: The study involved 67 healthy controls and 66 outpatient MDD (OMDD) participants. We utilized a Multiplex method to measure 48 cytokines, and developed INT and METAMMUNE composite scores. The measurements included triglycerides, free cholesterol, LDL and HDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein (Apo)A1 and ApoB. Results: A ROI index was successfully created by extracting a validated principal component, from the number of physician-rated depressive episodes, the frequency of lifetime suicidal ideation and attempts. Adverse childhood experiences accounted for 20-22% of the variance in ROI. The latter was significantly associated with INT and METAMMUNE indices, neuroticism, lifetime and current suicidal behaviors, and the phenome (p<0.001). Our analysis revealed that a significant portion (55.1%) of the variance in the OMDD phenome, which includes current suicidal behaviors, anxiety, and depression, can be accounted for by the regression on INT, ROI, and emotional neglect and abuse. A validated latent construct was successfully extracted from the three ROI components, INT and METAMMUNE indices. Conclusions: ROI and associated immune-metabolic biomarkers are indicators of a shared underlying concept, specifically a ROI-neuroimmune-metabolic pathway phenotype. ROI is a crucial indicator of the rising immune-metabolic abnormalities and heightened susceptibility to suicidal tendencies and recurrence of illness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Relevance Of Roimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Computation Of Roimentioning

confidence: 99%

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The recurrence of illness (ROI) index is a key factor in major depression that indicates increasing immune-linked neurotoxicity and vulnerability to suicidal behaviors

Maes,

Jirakran,

Vasupanrajit

et al. 2024

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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The recurrence of illness (ROI) index is a key factor in major depression that indicates increasing immune-linked neurotoxicity and vulnerability to suicidal behaviors

Maes,

Jirakran,

Vasupanrajit

et al. 2024

Psychiatry Research

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Research and Diagnostic Algorithmic Rules (RADAR) and RADAR Plots for the First Episode of Major Depressive Disorder: Effects of Childhood and Recent Adverse Experiences on Suicidal Behaviors, Neurocognition and Phenome Features

Maes

Almulla

2023

Brain Sciences

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Recent studies have proposed valid precision models and valid Research and Diagnostic Algorithmic Rules (RADAR) for recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of the current study was to construct precision models and RADAR scores in patients experiencing first-episode MDD and to examine whether adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and negative life events (NLE) are associated with suicidal behaviors (SB), cognitive impairment, and phenome RADAR scores. This study recruited 90 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) in an acute phase, of whom 71 showed a first-episode MDD (FEM), and 40 controls. We constructed RADAR scores for ACE; NLE encountered in the last year; SB; and severity of depression, anxiety, chronic fatigue, and physiosomatic symptoms using the Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Rating Scales and the FibroFatigue scale. The partial least squares analysis showed that in FEM, one latent vector (labeled the phenome of FEM) could be extracted from depressive, anxiety, fatigue, physiosomatic, melancholia, and insomnia symptoms, SB, and cognitive impairments. The latter were conceptualized as a latent vector extracted from the Verbal Fluency Test, the Mini-Mental State Examination, and ratings of memory and judgement, indicating a generalized cognitive decline (G-CoDe). We found that 60.8% of the variance in the FEM phenome was explained by the cumulative effects of NLE and ACE, in particular emotional neglect and, to a lesser extent, physical abuse. In conclusion, the RADAR scores and plots constructed here should be used in research and clinical settings, rather than the binary diagnosis of MDD based on the DSM-5 or ICD.

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Toward the Use of Research and Diagnostic Algorithmic Rules to Assess the Recurrence of Illness and Major Dysmood Disorder Features: The Diagnosis “Bipolar Disorder” Is Useless

Cited by 3 publications

References 47 publications

The recurrence of illness (ROI) index is a key factor in major depression that indicates increasing immune-linked neurotoxicity and vulnerability to suicidal behaviors

The recurrence of illness (ROI) index is a key factor in major depression that indicates increasing immune-linked neurotoxicity and vulnerability to suicidal behaviors

The recurrence of illness (ROI) index is a key factor in major depression that indicates increasing immune-linked neurotoxicity and vulnerability to suicidal behaviors

Research and Diagnostic Algorithmic Rules (RADAR) and RADAR Plots for the First Episode of Major Depressive Disorder: Effects of Childhood and Recent Adverse Experiences on Suicidal Behaviors, Neurocognition and Phenome Features

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