Toward TiO2 Nanofluids—Part 1: Preparation and Properties

Abstract

As a new generation of working fluid, nanofluid has long been regarded as a hot research topic in the past three decades. Many review papers have provided comprehensive and systematic summaries on the development and state-of-the-art of nanofluids. As of today, it is becoming increasingly difficult to provide a comprehensive review of all kinds of nanofluids owing to the huge amounts of the related literatures. And many controversies and inconsistencies in the reported arguments have been observed in various nanofluids. Meanwhile, the systematic or comprehensive reviews on a certain kind of nanofluid are insufficient. Therefore, this review focuses on the research about one of the hottest kinds viz. TiO2 nanofluid, which has captured scientists’ great attention because of its interesting and comprehensive properties such as sensational dispersivity, chemical stability, and non-toxicity. Due to the preparation of nanofluids is the prerequisite and physical properties are critical factors for further applications, this first part of the review summarizes recent research on preparation, stability, and physical properties of TiO2 nanofluids.

Thermal conductivity, viscosity and heat transfer process in nanofluids: A critical review

“…Among the various methods to evaluate the stability of nanofluids the most common techniques are: zeta potential, absorbency, stratification observing, sedimentation observing, and particle size-changing [212]. When almost all of the particles have high zeta potential values, there is no tendency for agglomeration and consequently, the suspension becomes stable [213].…”

Application of Artificial Neural Networks for Accurate Prediction of Thermal and Rheological Properties of Nanofluids

“…Both empirical correlations [57,[69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77] and published literature data [24,[78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88] approved that the dynamic viscosity of nanofluids is essentially dependent on chemistry of base liquid, characteristics of nanoparticle, and ranges of operating conditions. Considering the corresponding state theory, the base fluids are tried to be introduced based on their critical temperature, critical pressure, and acentric factor [89].…”

Thermal Stability and Performance Testing of Oil-based CuO Nanofluids for Solar Thermal Applications

“…The final heating step was also maintained at 90 • C for one hour to ensure the low viscosity of the Diphyl DT during the final stirring/sonication step. represents the modified two-step method, and (B) in (b) represents a conventional two-step method discussed in the literature [36].…”

“…(b) Prepared nanofluids after a 3-day settling test at room temperature. A in (b) represents the modified two-step method, and (B) in (b) represents a conventional two-step method discussed in the literature[36].…”