“…The third wave, which emphasizes the importance of personal and organizational resilience, suggests that we might have overshot our mark with the notion that to err is human, and advocates a greater balance between individual accountability and systemic explanations (Wachter and Pronovost, 2009 ). Researchers show a renewed interest in nurses' agency, including nurses” competence, personal traits and values, and decision-making processes, raising questions about designing work environments that will enable nurses to thrive and deliver high quality care despite the complex, overburdened, and dynamic environments in which they operate (Drach-Zahavy and Srulovici, 2019 ; Abdelhadi et al, 2023 ). It emphasizes developing a culture that fosters a critical mind-set, a commitment to early detection of negligence and unexpected events, as well as building behavioral capabilities for proactive behaviors that assure rapid adjustment, and prevent patients' circumstances from worsening (Hales and Chakravorty, 2016 ; Latney, 2016 ; Vogus and Singer, 2016 ; Enya et al, 2018 ).…”