A great challenge in the global environment lies in consumers' reluctance to buy imports rather than domestic products. Recently, research has begun to explore the link between consumer type and adversarial attitudes toward imports. However, relatively little is known about the relationship between individual consumers' cultural orientation and their bias against imports. The objective of our research is to examine the relationship between cultural orientation and consumer ethnocentrism. We hypothesize that each of Hofstede's (2001) five dimensions of cultural orientation, operationalized at the individual level, affects consumer ethnocentrism.We test our hypotheses, investigating U.S. consumers evaluations of and behaviors toward Japanese products. The results show that collectivism