The microstructural refinement by thermal cycling and its effects on the enhancement of mechanical properties and work-hardening response of a typical C-Mn dual phase (DP) steel having the banded ferritic-martensitic morphology is evaluated. It is revealed that the band spacing is reduced by decreasing austenitization temperature and applying thermal cycles to intercritical region, where a saturated spacing will be reached. This results in the enhancement of work-hardening capacity of DP steels as demonstrated based on the instantaneous (incremental) work-hardening rate exponents, modified Crussard-Jaoul analysis, and evaluating the yield ratio after tensile tests. These observations justify the potential of this simple heat treatment route for microstructural control of DP steels. Figure 8. a) Dependence of UTS and total elongation on band spacing and b) Dependence of yield ratio and UTS-YS on band spacing.www.advancedsciencenews.com www.steel-research.de steel research int. 2018, 89, 1700531