Towards a better understanding of First Nations communities and drinking and driving

Rothe, J. Peter

doi:10.3402/ijch.v64i4.18011

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The second lesson to be learned is that there remains an oversimplified conception that most cases of end-stage liver disease in FN patients are the consequence of heavy alcohol consumption. While alcohol abuse constitutes a health problem in general and among some FN communities (17), it is noteworthy that many patients referred with presumed alcoholic cirrhosis actually have an autoimmune liver disorder when appropriately evaluated. Because multiple studies across Canada have documented a high prevalence of autoimmune liver disease in FN populations (5,6,10,18), all clinicians should be aware of this susceptibility to ensure adequate screening and correct diagnosis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons Learned from Liver Transplantation with the Canadian First Nations

Montano‐Loza

Myers²,

Mason³

2011

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

E valuation of liver transplantation outcomes may provide unique insight into the pathobiology of idiopathic liver diseases. For example, it is often suggested that individual disorders, including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), are triggered by unknown environmental agents in genetically susceptible individuals. Each of these disorders recur in a minority of liver transplant recipients (1,2), implying that the initial trigger may persist in the host. Conversely, most patients do not develop recurrent autoimmune liver disease; therefore, if an infectious process is believed to trigger recurrent disease, some allografts may provide protection as a result of inherent innate immune responses to specific microbial infections. At this juncture, we are only just beginning to unravel the genetic factors that predispose to or protect against the development of specific autoimmune liver disorders (3). It is, therefore, instructive that different populations appear to be at risk for autoimmune liver disease. In the current issue of The Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology, Zhang et al (4) (pages 307-310) from the University of Manitoba (Winnipeg, Manitoba) report that 45% of Canadian First Nations (FN) liver-transplant recipients had a diagnosis of autoimmune liver disease, compared with 28% of non-FN patients (4); 30% of FN had AIH, a percentage six-fold higher than non-FN recipients. In contrast, no FN patients were transplanted for PSC, and the proportion of patients with PBC was comparable between groups. Notably, FN patients were younger and more often female compared with their non-FN counterparts. These data suggest that AIH is more common and has a poorer prognosis in FN populations. Indeed, investigations in the nontransplant populations of Manitoba and British Columbia suggest that AIH is more prevalent and rapidly progressive in FN individuals (5,6). Similarly, a higher likelihood of acute and icteric presentation of AIH has been reported in Alaskan native patients compared with other Alaskan Americans (7). Although confounding factors must be considered when interpreting these data (eg, differential access to health care and the possibility that therapeutic intervention may obviate transplantation), the disproportionate prevalence of AIH in FN liver transplant recipients is noteworthy. Studies from the liver transplant program in British Columbia provide a slightly different twist on this issue. Similar to Manitoba, AIH is four times more common in FN liver transplant recipients than in non-FN patients, and is the second most common indication for transplantation in the FN population (6). However, PBC is the most common indication for transplantation in the coastal FN, with a strikingly high prevalence (8-10). While the proportion of FN compared with non-FN patients undergoing transplantation in British Columbia and Manitoba are similar, it is notable that 10% of all PBC transplant recipients are FN in origin in Manitoba compared with 25% in...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons Learned from Liver Transplantation with the Canadian First Nations

Montano‐Loza

Myers²,

Mason³

2011

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Other related research by Rothe 50 highlighted the fact that living in Aboriginal and First Nations communities is socially complex, highly emotionally charged, and peer pressured. Furthermore, this study shows that drinking and driving and alcohol abuse among Aboriginal and First Nations people reflect the community social structure, daily pressures, and norms of behavior.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of On-Reserve Road Versus Off-Reserve Road Motor Vehicle Crashes in Saskatchewan, Canada

Desapriya

Fujiwara

Verma

et al. 2010

Asia Pac J Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This burden is exemplified by the fact that Alcohol was a factor in 6.4% of injuries incurred by First Nations youth and over one-quarter (27.1%) of assaults against First Nations youth (First Nations Centre, 2005). Rothe (2005) reported that within nine First Nations communities, respondents considered alcohol abuse and drinking and driving to be "normal, community-endorsed behaviours". The proportion of Status Indian deaths that are alcohol-related is nearly one-quarter (23.5%) while drug-induced deaths account for 6.2% of Status Indian deaths (First Nations Centre, 2005).…”

Section: Alcohol Addictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High rates of alcohol-related morbidity and mortality have also been reported in Australia (Saggers & Gray, 1998). Reasons given by Indigenous individuals for their alcohol use include boredom associated with living in a communities of limited recreational and employment opportunities and need to self-medicate to anesthetize the pain of poverty, racism and violence; thus, it is more likely community social and economic structure rather than individual or cultural values that contribute to the high prevalence of alcohol abuse in Indigenous communities (Rothe, 2005).…”

Section: Alcohol Addictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Care for Indigenous Populations in Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand: Protocol for a Scoping Review

Camp¹,

Girt²,

Wells³

et al. 2020

JMIR Res Protoc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Indigenous people in Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand experience an increased burden of chronic diseases compared to non-Indigenous people in these countries. Lack of necessary services and culturally relevant care for Indigenous people contributes to this burden. Many Indigenous communities have implemented systems, such as virtual care, to improve chronic disease management. Virtual care has extended beyond videoconferencing to include more advanced technologies, such as remote biometric monitoring devices. However, given the historical and ongoing Western intrusion into Indigenous day to day life, these technologies may seem more invasive and thus require additional research on their acceptability and utility within Indigenous populations. Objective The objective of this paper is to present the protocol for a scoping review, which aims to map existing evidence. This study is based on the following guiding research question: What are the characteristics of virtual care use by Indigenous adult populations in Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand? The subquestions are related to the technology used, health conditions and nature of the virtual care, cultural safety, and key concepts for effective use. Methods This scoping review protocol is informed by the methodology described by the Joanna Briggs Institute and is supplemented by the frameworks proposed by Arksey and O’Malley and Levac et al. A search for published and gray literature, written in English, and published between 2000 and present will be completed utilizing electronic databases and search engines, including MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Indigenous Peoples of North America, Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet, Informit, and Native Health Database. Search results will be uploaded to the review software, Covidence, for title and abstract screening before full-text screening begins. This process will be repeated for gray literature. Upon completion, a data abstraction tool will organize the relevant information into categorical formations. Results The search strategy has been confirmed, and the screening of titles and abstracts is underway. As of October 2020, we have identified over 300 articles for full-text screening. Conclusions Previous reviews have addressed virtual care within Indigenous communities. However, new virtual care technologies have since emerged; subsequently, additional literature has been published. Mapping and synthesizing this literature will inform new directions for research and discussion. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/21860

show abstract

Towards a better understanding of First Nations communities and drinking and driving

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Lessons Learned from Liver Transplantation with the Canadian First Nations

Lessons Learned from Liver Transplantation with the Canadian First Nations

Comparison of On-Reserve Road Versus Off-Reserve Road Motor Vehicle Crashes in Saskatchewan, Canada

Virtual Care for Indigenous Populations in Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand: Protocol for a Scoping Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About