Towards a consistent global climatological rawinsonde data‐base

Parker, D. E.; Cox, Dave

doi:10.1002/joc.3370150502

Cited by 84 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Updated meteorological data are available in the lower atmosphere from more than 800 stations worldwide (Parker and Cox, 1995), and…”

Section: Data Miningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric propagation modeling indicates homing pigeons use loft-specific infrasonic ‘map’ cues

Hagstrum

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYResults from an acoustic ray-tracing program using daily meteorological profiles are presented to explain ʻrelease-site biasesʼ for homing pigeons at three experimental sites in upstate New York where W. T. Keeton and his co-workers at Cornell University conducted extensive releases between 1968 and 1987 in their investigations of the avian navigational ʻmapʼ. The sites are the Jersey Hill and Castor Hill fire towers, and another near Weedsport, where control pigeons from the Cornell loft vanished in random directions, in directions consistently >50deg clockwise and in directions ~15deg clockwise from the homeward bearing, respectively. Because Cornell pigeons were disoriented at Jersey Hill whereas birds from other lofts were not, it is inferred that Jersey Hill lies within an acoustic ʻshadowʼ zone relative to infrasonic signals originating from the Cornell loftʼs vicinity. Such signals could arise from ground-to-air coupling of near-continuous microseisms, or from scattering of direct microbaroms off terrain features, both of which are initially generated by wave-wave interactions in the deep ocean. HARPA runs show that little or no infrasound from the loft area arrived at Jersey Hill on days when Cornell pigeons were disoriented there, and that homeward infrasonic signals could have arrived at all three sites from directions consistent with pigeon departure bearings, especially on days when these bearings were unusual. The general stability of release-site biases might be due to influences of terrain on transmission of the homeward signals under prevailing weather patterns, whereas short-term changes in biases might be caused by rapid shifts in atmospheric conditions. Supplementary material available online at

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“…Updated meteorological data are available in the lower atmosphere from more than 800 stations worldwide (Parker and Cox, 1995), and…”

Section: Data Miningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric propagation modeling indicates homing pigeons use loft-specific infrasonic ‘map’ cues

Hagstrum

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…These data cover the time span from the early 1950s to 1987. Data from the southern summer season of 1957/58 are used in this study, since in April 1957, ascent times were standardized at 00:00 and 12:00 GMT throughout the global upper-air network (Parker and Cox, 1995). This data source is the same as that used in Shinoda (1990b), and Shinoda and Kawamura (1994a).…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between Rainfall over Semi-Arid Southern Africa, Geopotential Heights, and Sea Surface Temperatures

Shinoda

Kawamura

1996

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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An observational study has been conducted of the southern summer rainfall variability over the semiarid region of southern Africa (SASA) since 1958, as related to the tropical African rainbelt, tropical atmospheric circulation, and sea surface temperature (SST) patterns.A rotated empirical orthogonal function (R-EOF) analysis was applied to the global monthly SST anomalies. On a year-to-year basis, the first R-EOF mode, related to the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon, was most strongly correlated with the southern African rainfall and two rainbelt indices; the latitude of its center of gravity and the total rainfall that occurs over the entire rainbelt zone.The anomalous warming of the central-eastern equatorial Pacific, identified as the first R-EOF mode, was associated with increased 700 hPa heights throughout the tropics except for the eastern Pacific, especially marked over southern Africa and the eastern Indian Ocean-central Pacific region. Simultaneous intensification of the 700 hPa subtropical high over southern Africa was found to cause a northward displacement in the rainbelt's center of gravity and a decrease in total rainfall. These changes in the rainbelt parameters resulted in decreased rainfall for the SASA region, located south of the main rainbelt.On the other hand, the anomalous cooling of the eastern Pacific was related to a weakening of the southern African sub tropical high. This leads to a simultaneous southward advance and enhanced convection of the rainbelt, which ultimately result in increased SASA rainfall.On the decadal time scale, the third R-EOF mode, characterized by a dominant signal over the South Atlantic, is most strongly correlated with trends in the SASA rainfall and rainbelt parameters. The warming of the South Atlantic and simultaneous increases in the 700 hPa heights over southern Africa result in decreased rainfall; cooling and decreased 700 hPa heights lead to increased rainfall.

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“…Although these data are available from the early 1950's to 1987, only the data after 1957 are used because the ascent times of rawinsonde were changed in April 1957 (Parker and Cox, 1995).…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Variability of Asian Summer Monsoon Rainfall during 1946-1988

Shinoda

1996

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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An observational study has been made of the long-term variability of Asian summer monsoon rainfall for the period 1946-1988 and its relationship to global sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) and geopotential height fields.The trend analysis of June-September rainfall for the recent four decades shows a distinct long-term trend in rainfall over several Asian regions; increasing trends in southwest India, and decreasing trends in northwest and central India, on the south side of the Himalayas, and in the western Indochina peninsula facing the Bay of Bengal.A rotated empirical orthogonal function (R-EOF) analysis was applied to global SSTs for the above 43-year period (Shinoda and Kawamura, 1994). The second R-EOF (R-EOF2) mode exhibits the warming trend of the Indian Ocean. The correlation analysis between the time coefficients of the R-EOF2 mode and monsoon rainfall shows that the trend components which are observed in both the R-EOF2 mode and rainfall for the above areas are responsible for the high correlation between them.The R-EOF2 mode is highly correlated not only with monsoon rainfall, but also with tropical 850hPa geopotential heights. This correlation pattern exhibits an east-west contrast having positive correlations over Africa and the western Pacific Ocean and negative correlations over the northern Indian Ocean. The above positive and negative correlations coincide with the increasing and decreasing trends in 850 hPa heights.Over the Indian subcontinent, areas having negative and positive trends of 850 hPa heights coincide with those having increasing and decreasing trends in regional rainfall, respectively. On a monthly basis, for June and August, the Indian subcontinent is extensively covered with areas having increasing trends in rainfall and decreasing trends in 850 hPa heights, whereas the areas are limited to southwest India during July and September.

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Towards a consistent global climatological rawinsonde data‐base

Cited by 84 publications

References 20 publications

Atmospheric propagation modeling indicates homing pigeons use loft-specific infrasonic ‘map’ cues

Atmospheric propagation modeling indicates homing pigeons use loft-specific infrasonic ‘map’ cues

Relationships between Rainfall over Semi-Arid Southern Africa, Geopotential Heights, and Sea Surface Temperatures

Long-Term Variability of Asian Summer Monsoon Rainfall during 1946-1988

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