“…These works identified a risk that, within a secular and competitive context, Catholic schools might emphasize academic results rather than achievement of their spiritual and moral goals (Arthur, 2013;Grace, 2002Grace, , 2013Walbank, 2012). This issue was linked to the idea that there was a lack of theory for Catholic education (Arthur, 1995;Davis, R., 1999;McLaughlin, 1996;Whittle, 2014). …”