Towards a global-scale soil climate mitigation strategy

Amelung, Wulf; Bossio, Deborah A.; Vries, Wim de; Kögel‐Knabner, Ingrid; Lehmann, Johannes; Amundson, R.; Bol, Roland; Collins, Chris; Lal, R.; Leifeld, Jens; Minasny, Budiman; Pan, Genxing; Paustian, Keith; Rumpel, Cornélia; Sanderman, Jonathan; Groenigen, J.W. van; Mooney, Siân; Wesemael, Bas van; Wander, Michelle M.; Chabbi, Abad

doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18887-7

Cited by 472 publications

(258 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…This shows that soil-inherent conditions may play a pivotal role in the response to organic matter inputs, supporting the conclusions of recent studies, which suggest that site-specific soil communities may play an important role in biogeochemical cycling [29]. Therefore, it may be necessary to adapt organic amendments to site-specific pedoclimatic conditions [24] and to elaborate soil-specific management strategies [30]. Moreover, the results of our study also indicate, that the beneficial effects of organic amendments are in the short-term most likely related to their nutrient input rather than their impact on physical and/or biological soil characteristics.…”

Section: Effect Of Compost and Biochar Addition On Soil Fertilitysupporting

confidence: 86%

Site-Specific Effects of Organic Amendments on Parameters of Tropical Agricultural Soil and Yield: A Field Experiment in Three Countries in Southeast Asia

Doan¹,

Sisouvanh

Sengkhrua³

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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Organic amendments may improve the quality of acidic tropical agricultural soils with low organic carbon contents under conventional management (mineral fertilization and irrigation) in Southeast Asia. We investigated the effect of biochar, compost and their combination on maize growth and yield, soil physical, biological and chemical properties at harvesting time at four sites in three countries: Thailand, Vietnam and Laos. Treatments consisted of 10 t·ha−1 cow manure compost and 7 t·ha−1 of Bamboo biochar and their combination. Maize biomass production and cop yields were recorded for two seasons. Elemental content, pH and nutrient availability of soils were analyzed after the first growing season. We also characterized macrofauna abundance and water infiltration. Few changes were noted for maize biomass production and maize cop yield. Soil chemical parameters showed contrasting, site-specific results. Compost and biochar amendments increased soil organic carbon, pH, total K and N, P and K availability especially for sandy soils in Thailand. The combination of both amendments could reduce nutrient availability as compared to compost only treatments. Physical and biological parameters showed no treatment response. We conclude that the addition of compost, biochar and their mixture to tropical soils have site-specific short-term effects on chemical soil parameters. Their short-term effect on plants is thus mainly related to nutrient input. The site-dependent results despite similar crops, fertilization and irrigation practices suggest that inherent soil parameters and optimization of organic amendment application to specific pedoclimatic conditions need future attention.

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Section: Effect Of Compost and Biochar Addition On Soil Fertilitysupporting

confidence: 86%

Site-Specific Effects of Organic Amendments on Parameters of Tropical Agricultural Soil and Yield: A Field Experiment in Three Countries in Southeast Asia

Doan¹,

Sisouvanh

Sengkhrua³

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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“…CF = Coarse fragments or stone content, BD = bulk density.Because multiple soil properties were shown to correlate well with continuous EO products such as Sentinel bands (especially B4, B8A, B10, B11 and B12), rainfall images (SM2RAIN), and Land Surface Temperature images (MODIS LST), this opens up possibilities for monitoring changes in soil properties such as soil carbon or soil pH in the future, as Landsat, Sentinel, MODIS and SM2RAIN missions are all expected to continue into the foreseeable future.. This could be especially important for monitoring, for example, soil organic carbon changes28 and/or soil degradation related to soil erosion, salinization, soil compaction or sealing. It remains to be verified if similar relations between soil organic carbon and 250 m resolution and 30 m resolution EO data is also applicable on other continents.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

African Soil Properties and Nutrients Mapped at 30--m Spatial Resolution using Two-scale Ensemble Machine Learning

Hengl

Miller²,

Krizan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Soil property and class maps for the continent of Africa were so far only available at very generalised scales, with many countries not mappedat all. Thanks to an increasing quantity and availability of soil samples collected at field point locations by various government and/or NGOfunded projects, it is now possible to produce detailed pan-African maps of soil nutrients, including micro-nutrients at fine spatial resolutions. Inthis paper we describe production of a 30 m resolution Soil Information System of the African continent using, to date, the most comprehensivecompilation of soil samples (N ≈ 150, 000) and Earth Observation data. We produced predictions for soil pH, organic carbon (C) and totalnitrogen (N), total carbon, Cation Exchange Capacity (eCEC), extractable — phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg),sulfur (S), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) — silt, clay and sand, stone content, bulk density and depth to bedrock, at three depths (0, 20 and50 cm) and using 2-scale 3D Ensemble Machine Learning framework implemented in the mlr (Machine Learning in R) package. As covariatelayers we used 250 m resolution (MODIS, PROBA-V and SM2RAIN products), and 30 m resolution (Sentinel-2, Landsat and DTM derivatives)images. Our 5–fold spatial Cross-Validation results showed varying accuracy levels ranging from the best performing soil pH (CCC=0.900) tomore poorly predictable extractable phosphorus (CCC=0.654) and sulphur (CCC=0.708) and depth to bedrock. Sentinel-2 bands SWIR (B11,B12), NIR (B09, B8A), Landsat SWIR bands, and vertical depth derived from 30 m resolution DTM, were the overall most important 30 mresolution covariates. Climatic data images — SM2RAIN, bioclimatic variables and MODIS Land Surface Temperature — however, remainedas the overall most important variables for predicting soil chemical variables at continental scale. The publicly available 30–m soil maps aresuitable for numerous applications, including soil and fertilizer policies and investments, agronomic advice to close yield gaps, environmentalprograms, or targeting of nutrition interventions.

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“…Distribution of soil carbon regulating ecosystem services in the state of South Carolina (U.S.A.) by soil order (photos courtesy of USDA/NRCS [23]) in the upper 2-m depth based on avoided or realized the social cost of CO 2 (SC-CO 2 ) of $46 (USD) per metric ton of CO 2 [17]. Amelung et al (2020) [24] proposed linking soil C sequestration to food security using soil-and site-specific potentials and opportunities for soil C sequestration. In this respect, the state of South Carolina faces serious limitations in both soil-(dominated by highlyweathered soil order, Ultisols) and site-specific (high demand for soil C due to rapid urbanization and population growth; rapid changes in coastal areas, etc.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…potentials. Soil order Histosols (which often contains organic soils) is located in the coastal areas of the state and can be drained for agriculture and urbanization, leading to high losses of soil C into the atmosphere [24]. Recarbonization of soils in the state of South Carolina may not be economically feasible due to past excessive levels of soil degradation [25], high fertilization and liming costs (including transportation) associated with increasing soil C in mostly highly-weathered and acid soils in the state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Carbon Regulating Ecosystem Services in the State of South Carolina, USA

Mikhailova

Zurqani

Post

et al. 2021

Land

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Sustainable management of soil carbon (C) at the state level requires valuation of soil C regulating ecosystem services (ES) and disservices (ED). The objective of this study was to assess the value of regulating ES from soil organic carbon (SOC), soil inorganic carbon (SIC), and total soil carbon (TSC) stocks, based on the concept of the avoided social cost of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions for the state of South Carolina (SC) in the United States of America (U.S.A.) by soil order, soil depth (0–200 cm), region and county using information from the State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) database. The total estimated monetary mid-point value for TSC in the state of South Carolina was $124.36B (i.e., $124.36 billion U.S. dollars, where B = billion = 109), $107.14B for SOC, and $17.22B for SIC. Soil orders with the highest midpoint value for SOC were: Ultisols ($64.35B), Histosols ($11.22B), and Inceptisols ($10.31B). Soil orders with the highest midpoint value for SIC were: Inceptisols ($5.91B), Entisols ($5.53B), and Alfisols ($5.0B). Soil orders with the highest midpoint value for TSC were: Ultisols ($64.35B), Inceptisols ($16.22B), and Entisols ($14.65B). The regions with the highest midpoint SOC values were: Pee Dee ($34.24B), Low Country ($32.17B), and Midlands ($29.24B). The regions with the highest midpoint SIC values were: Low Country ($5.69B), Midlands ($5.55B), and Pee Dee ($4.67B). The regions with the highest midpoint TSC values were: Low Country ($37.86B), Pee Dee ($36.91B), and Midlands ($34.79B). The counties with the highest midpoint SOC values were Colleton ($5.44B), Horry ($5.37B), and Berkeley ($4.12B). The counties with the highest midpoint SIC values were Charleston ($1.46B), Georgetown ($852.81M, where M = million = 106), and Horry ($843.18M). The counties with the highest midpoint TSC values were Horry ($6.22B), Colleton ($6.02B), and Georgetown ($4.87B). Administrative areas (e.g., counties, regions) combined with pedodiversity concepts can provide useful information to design cost-efficient policies to manage soil carbon regulating ES at the state level.

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Towards a global-scale soil climate mitigation strategy

Cited by 472 publications

References 73 publications

Site-Specific Effects of Organic Amendments on Parameters of Tropical Agricultural Soil and Yield: A Field Experiment in Three Countries in Southeast Asia

Site-Specific Effects of Organic Amendments on Parameters of Tropical Agricultural Soil and Yield: A Field Experiment in Three Countries in Southeast Asia

African Soil Properties and Nutrients Mapped at 30--m Spatial Resolution using Two-scale Ensemble Machine Learning

Soil Carbon Regulating Ecosystem Services in the State of South Carolina, USA

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