Towards a low carbon transition of urban public transport in megacities: A case study of Shenzhen, China

Dong, Dan; Duan, Huabo; Mao, Ruichang; Song, Qingbin; Zuo, Jian; Zhu, Jiasong; Wang, Gang; Hu, Mingwei; Dong, Biqin; Liu, Gang

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.03.011

Cited by 67 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Many scholars have examined the pathways of the lowcarbon economy, including the aspects that are highly linked to the low carbon economy, such as resources [10], industry [11], electricity [12], buildings [13], cities [14][15][16], transportation [17] and low carbon technologies [18]. Moreover, a range of methods such as contrastive analysis [19], cluster analysis [11], scenario analysis [20], modeling approaches [21][22][23] and evaluation methodologies [24] have been frequently employed in low carbon economy studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

China’s pathway to a low carbon economy

Yang

Zhao

Chuai

et al. 2019

Carbon Balance Manage

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Climate change has emerged as one of the most important environmental issues worldwide. As the world's biggest developing country, China is participating in combating climate change by promoting a low carbon economy within the context of global warming. This paper summarizes the pathways of China's low carbon economy including the aspects of energy, industry, low carbon cities, circular economy and low carbon technology, afforestation and carbon sink, the carbon emission trading market and carbon emission reduction targets. There are many achievements in the implementation of low carbon policies. For example, carbon emission intensity has been reduced drastically along with the optimizing of energy and industry structure and a nationwide carbon trading market for electricity industry has been established. However, some problems remain, such as the weakness of public participation, the ineffectiveness of unified policies for certain regions and the absence of long-term planning for low carbon cities development. Therefore, we propose some policy recommendations for the future low carbon economy development in China. Firstly, comprehensive and long-term planning should be involved in all the low carbon economy pathways. Secondly, to coordinate the relationship between central and local governments and narrow the gap between poor and rich regions, different strategies of carbon emission performance assessment should be applied for different regions. Thirdly, enterprises should cooperate with scientific research institutions to explored low carbon technologies. Finally, relevant institutions should be regulated to realize comprehensive low carbon transition through reasonable and feasible low carbon pathways in China. These policy recommendations will provide new perspectives for China's future low carbon economy development and guide practices for combating climate change.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

China’s pathway to a low carbon economy

Yang

Zhao

Chuai

et al. 2019

Carbon Balance Manage

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“…Shenzhen was set up as China's first Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in 1980 and developed from a small fishing village to a megacity in less than three decades. Since vehicles are a major emission source in cities, great efforts have been made in controlling traffic emissions by transportation energy reform [13,14]. Shenzhen became the world's first city to electrify 100% of public buses at the end of 2017 and will electrify all taxis by the end of 2020 [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 5 October 2018 doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0101.v1NO2 concentrations which may be caused by its large pollution and its location adjacent to the SEZ districts. NO2 levels have been lowered over time, possibly linked to the traffic energy reform in Shenzhen and the national NOx regulation measures[14][15]31]. Meanwhile, O3 concentrations are increasing which are probably caused by lowered NOx titration effects in a VOC limited urban environment.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tougher Targets for China’s Clean Air Cities? Implications from Air Quality Assessment in Shenzhen

Huang¹,

Q²,

G³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Shenzhen is China’s top ten clean air city and the cleanest air megacity. Even so, epidemiologic studies have shown ambient air pollution had significant adverse impacts on human health in this less polluted city. In this study, the concentrations of six criteria air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, SO2, and CO) from 2014 to 2017 were analyzed and compared to thresholds of both national and international air quality standards. The results showed concentrations of all air pollutants were below target values of current national air quality standard, but levels of particulate matter (PM) and O3 were still much higher than the recommended levels by the World Health Organization. Within national air quality standards, the number of over-limit days was rare with few variations between highly polluted and low pollution areas. The air quality improvement was slowing down recently. Our results suggest annual and daily thresholds for PM are too loose for air quality improvement in Shenzhen. Hence, we call for evaluation and establishment of tougher air quality standard.

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“…On another note, rapid urbanization has increased the volume of urban public transport modes. For illustration, in Shenzhen, this has caused a rapid increase in total carbon emissions from 0.70 Mt in 2005 to 1.74 Mt in 2015 [112]. However, current low-carbon urban public transit mode has caused a reduction in CO 2 emissions by only 0.21 Mt of (cumulative value, from 2005 to 2015) [112], and will keep rising without a peak before 2050 [74].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For illustration, in Shenzhen, this has caused a rapid increase in total carbon emissions from 0.70 Mt in 2005 to 1.74 Mt in 2015 [112]. However, current low-carbon urban public transit mode has caused a reduction in CO 2 emissions by only 0.21 Mt of (cumulative value, from 2005 to 2015) [112], and will keep rising without a peak before 2050 [74]. Meanwhile, evidence in Beijing indicates that a combination of four policy approaches (public transportation improvement, public bicycle, EE improvement, and electric vehicle development) can reduce carbon emissions by 43% or 4.3 Mt of CO 2 per year [9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability of Low Carbon City Initiatives in China: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Hunter

Sagoe²,

Vettorato

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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Low carbon city (LCC) has emerged as the latest sustainable urbanism strategy in China as a response to climate change impacts. Yet, minimal scholarships have explored the sustainability of the urban planning model towards understanding the complexity of the components. Using a two-step triangulation approach, this paper presents a structured overview of the LCC initiative in China as it relates to the transition to a sustainability paradigm. The data collection approach includes a comprehensive review of 238 articles on LCC to identify and categorize LCC components. Furthermore, discourse and framing analysis was used to develop and synthesize a conceptual framework for assimilating the components into four core sustainable development principles: Integration, implementation, equity, and scalability and replicability. The results indicate that LCC development in China is bias towards economic and environmental technological innovations and strategies. Additionally, several critical sustainability issues of LCC pilots were identified. These include a lack of social equity planning concerns for the most vulnerable population, dearth of social reforms that cater to lifestyle and behavioral change, top-down planning and decision-making processes, a technocratic rationalization planning approach, inconsistent LCC targets on inter-generational justice concerns, absence of an effective national "sharing and learning" city-city network system, and several barriers to implementation. We conclude that the applied theoretical and conceptual inquiry into the field of LCC is pertinent to mitigate climate change and achieve sustainable urban development.Sustainability 2019, 11, 4342 2 of 37 consumption [14][15][16][17]. This increasing energy consumption and coal dependency of the urban energy system has increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as China has become the world's largest energy consumer and carbon emitter [18,19]. A recent report by the National Bureau of Statistics [20] suggests that despite a decline in GHG emissions between 2013 and 2016, emissions grew by 2.3% in 2018 due to a surge in urban construction. Therefore, after three decades of rapid physical and socio-spatial modernization, the country is facing significant negative externalities [16]. Local environmental pollution [6,16,[21][22][23], ecological deterioration [24], and energy shortage [21,25] have created health risks [26], have affected people's quality of life [27], and resulted in substantial economic losses [28] in megacities such as Tianjin and Beijing [29]. Concomitantly, China's cities are vulnerable to climate change impacts [17,30], as some cities have inadequate seawall defenses in low-lying areas [5], and are therefore exposed to flooding and extreme rainstorms [23]. In addition to this, some experience droughts from reduced precipitation, which can be attributed to low urban institutional capacity that creates limitations in climate governance and planning [31]. These complex and intractable problems have heralded a call for action, t...

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Towards a low carbon transition of urban public transport in megacities: A case study of Shenzhen, China

Cited by 67 publications

References 23 publications

China’s pathway to a low carbon economy

China’s pathway to a low carbon economy

Tougher Targets for China’s Clean Air Cities? Implications from Air Quality Assessment in Shenzhen

Sustainability of Low Carbon City Initiatives in China: A Comprehensive Literature Review

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Towards a low carbon transition of urban public transport in megacities: A case study of Shenzhen, China

Cited by 67 publications

References 23 publications

China’s pathway to a low carbon economy

China’s pathway to a low carbon economy

Tougher Targets for China&rsquo;s Clean Air Cities? Implications from Air Quality Assessment in Shenzhen

Sustainability of Low Carbon City Initiatives in China: A Comprehensive Literature Review

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Tougher Targets for China’s Clean Air Cities? Implications from Air Quality Assessment in Shenzhen