Towards a Ready-to-Use Drivers' Vigilance Monitoring System

Ibarra-Orozco, Rodolfo; González-Mendoza, Miguel; Hernández-Gress, Neil; Diederichs, F.; Kortelainen, Juha

doi:10.1109/cimca.2008.161

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In a next step, we aim at exploring the potential of FM rhythmic light stimulation during simple cognitive and behavioral tasks (e.g., working memory or attention tasks). Such insights regarding effects of the stimulation on performance and attention are important to determine whether rhythmic light stimulation is beneficial to (1) prevent drowsiness during monotonous driving tasks (Hagenmeyer et al, 2007 ; Ibarra-Orozco et al, 2008 ), or (2) increase attention before likely transitions (e.g., switching from autonomous to manual driving) in order to improve take-over time, quality and, thus, safety (Melcher et al, 2015 ; Hirsch et al, 2020 ; Wörle et al, 2020 ). We aim at identifying such beneficial effects on attention and performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Oscillation Entrainment by Perceptible and Non-perceptible Rhythmic Light Stimulation

Lingelbach¹,

Dreyer²,

Schöllhorn³

et al. 2021

Front. Neuroergonomics

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Objective and Background: Decades of research in the field of steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) have revealed great potential of rhythmic light stimulation for brain–computer interfaces. Additionally, rhythmic light stimulation provides a non-invasive method for entrainment of oscillatory activity in the brain. Especially effective protocols enabling non-perceptible rhythmic stimulation and, thereby, reducing eye fatigue and user discomfort are favorable. Here, we investigate effects of (1) perceptible and (2) non-perceptible rhythmic light stimulation as well as attention-based effects of the stimulation by asking participants to focus (a) on the stimulation source directly in an overt attention condition or (b) on a cross-hair below the stimulation source in a covert attention condition.Method: SSVEPs at 10 Hz were evoked with a light-emitting diode (LED) driven by frequency-modulated signals and amplitudes of the current intensity either below or above a previously estimated individual threshold. Furthermore, we explored the effect of attention by asking participants to fixate on the LED directly in the overt attention condition and indirectly attend it in the covert attention condition. By measuring electroencephalography, we analyzed differences between conditions regarding the detection of reliable SSVEPs via the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and functional connectivity in occipito-frontal(-central) regions.Results: We could observe SSVEPs at 10 Hz for the perceptible and non-perceptible rhythmic light stimulation not only in the overt but also in the covert attention condition. The SNR and SSVEP amplitudes did not differ between the conditions and SNR values were in all except one participant above significance thresholds suggested by previous literature indicating reliable SSVEP responses. No difference between the conditions could be observed in the functional connectivity in occipito-frontal(-central) regions.Conclusion: The finding of robust SSVEPs even for non-intrusive rhythmic stimulation protocols below an individual perceptibility threshold and without direct fixation on the stimulation source reveals strong potential as a safe stimulation method for oscillatory entrainment in naturalistic applications.

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