Towards a sustainable future: The role of energy efficiency, renewable energy, and urbanization in limiting CO₂ emissions in Sweden

Abstract

The curtailment of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions plays a pivotal role in realizing sustainable development goals, protecting the environment, mitigating climate change, and preserving biodiversity for a cleaner and more resilient future. Thus, it is essential to adopt comprehensive approaches that prioritize energy efficiency, renewable energy, and sustainable urbanization to achieve a sustainable and prosperous future. This study employs wavelet analysis methods, involving Wavelet correlation and covariance, Wavelet coherence (WTC), Wavelet cohesion (WC), and Wavelet‐based Granger causality (WCT), to examine the time and frequency‐based interactions between the variables over the period of 1990–2020. The empirical analysis reveals a significant and negative correlation among CO2 emissions and energy efficiency measures such as coal and gas in the short‐, medium‐, and long‐term frequency domains. Similarly, renewable energy usage and urbanization also exhibit negative correlation with CO2 emissions during analyzed years in the short‐ and medium‐term. Furthermore, the intensity of the correlations among considered variables varies across time and frequency domains. The study recommends to implement such policies that enhance the energy efficiency, renewable energy use, and sustainable urbanization to achieve the net‐zero goal and fostering sustainable development in Sweden.

The relationship between urbanization, energy consumption, economic growth, and carbon dioxide emissions in middle eastern countries: Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Egypt

“…According to the literature, increases in urbanization can impact both positively or negatively on CO 2 emissions; the empirical findings of this study are in alignment with studies conducted in other countries and geographical regions (e.g. Adebayo and Ullah [86] for Sweden; Jóźwik et al [87] for a number of European countries; Ali et al [79] for Singapore; and Raggad [45] for Saudi Arabia;).…”

Revolutionizing Environmental Sustainability: The Role of Renewable Energy Consumption and Environmental Technologies in OECD Countries

“…The first contribution of this study is its empirical confirmation of a negative correlation between the adoption of renewable energy sources and the level of CO 2 emissions in OECD countries. While the idea that renewable energy can reduce emissions has been discussed by Adebayo and Ullah [6], Voumik et al [7], Hasni et al [8], and Saqib and Dincă [9], this study provides concrete, data-driven evidence supporting the effectiveness of renewable energy in mitigating environmental impacts. This empirical finding strengthens the argument for transitioning to cleaner energy sources as a key strategy for environmental sustainability.…”

Analysis for the Implementation of Distributed Renewable Energy Generation Systems for Areas of High Vulnerability Due to Hillside Movements: Case Study of Marianza-Cuenca, Ecuador

“…Different researchers and energy system designers addressed the importance of forming hybrid energy systems, taking advantage of the geographical conditions and the renewable energy potential of the areas [24][25][26][27][28]. Among the various forms of use are open water channels, as their energy capacity can be used by installing small turbines and together with other generation systems, such as wind and solar photovoltaic, it is possible to form hybrid systems [29].…”