Towards a theory of informal supply networks: An exploratory case study of the Za'atari refugee camp

Abstract

Studies of humanitarian supply chain operations contribute to efficient system designs for the delivery of goods and services to disaster‐ and conflict‐stricken regions. However, our understanding of what happens to these relief goods and services after they are delivered is quite limited. Using a case study of the Za'atari refugee camp in Jordan, we develop a theory of informal supply networks, whereby we uncover how refugee‐led, informal supply networks emerge in the camp. We find that these supply networks are an aggregate of predominantly illicit—yet legitimate—channels and social relationships that support the economic exchange of goods and services between distinct actors or actor groups. We not only identify the cultural conventions and behavioral codes that govern ties between refugees—and between refugees and relief‐related actors—but also define how these networks are configured. Considering these findings, we contend that the informal economic activities emanating from the refugee camp benefit the host community and enhance the resilience of the informal supply networks. As informal economic activities also improve the quality of life in the camp, camp authorities and host country governments should attend to informal activities as they create rules and policies for refugee resettlement.

Sustainable innovations for humanitarian operations in refugee camps

“…, 2021). Abushaikha et al. (2021) emphasized the importance of a development-oriented approach that allows for flexible humanitarian assistance policies and refugee participation in decision-making processes.…”

“…An early consideration of the needs of beneficiaries is critical to implement innovations in the humanitarian field (Tabaklar et al, 2021). Abushaikha et al (2021) emphasized the importance of a developmentoriented approach that allows for flexible humanitarian assistance policies and refugee participation in decision-making processes. Today, in both long-term camps, vibrant economies have been built, green energy is being used, and the quality of life for refugees inside the camps has improved due to the provision of electricity for all and the initiative of refugees to fight for their well-being, cultural and personal needs, and to finally be heard.…”

The impact of COVID-19 on informal humanitarian supply chains – The case study of Zimbabwe

“…An informal HSC in its simplest form is where the donors deliver aid directly to the aid recipients. There are close similarities to the 'informal supply networks' as described by Abushaikha et al (2021). Relatives from outside Zimbabwe receive basic items such as food and clothing delivered to their family and relatives in their home country -donors deliver aid to consumers directly (Buckle 2020c;Nyamunda 2014).…”

Breaking bad: how can supply chain management better address illegal supply chains?

“…Finally, in supervising a project on supply chain resiliency in conflict areas, the respondents discussed the need to participate in illegal activities such as medical drug smuggling to serve a humanitarian mission which was acknowledged by interviewees (Dube, 2022). In this case, illegal activity might actually solve a social issue or problem, a subject that has only received limited supply chain research with the exception of recent work on refugee camp informal supply networks (Abushaikha et al. , 2021).…”