“…One group of such attempts has been carried out within the framework of an intensional logic, namely of Tichý's transparent intensional logic (see Tichý, 1980). The basic issues of such kind of formalization have been discussed by Materna and Sgall (1980) and Materna et al (1987); Vlk (1988) has outlined a procedure for the translation of surface forms into the logical representation. The attempts gave rise to an account of TFA in which the topic is taken roughly to be the specification of a class and the focus is taken as giving a kind of exhaustive listing of the elements of that class.…”