Towards a unified neural mechanism for reactive adaptive behaviour

Novembre, Giacomo; Iannetti, Gian Domenico

doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2021.102115

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…We suggest that the IMS we observed derives from fast and unintentional physiological responses to partners’ body movements, which could have been processed as salient stimuli, i.e., sudden stimuli that are likely to catch an observer’s attention. 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 Indeed, the body movements produced by our participants followed a sharp and fast-rising profile that could act as a synchronizing signal (for an example, see Figure 1 C). Notably, previous neurophysiological studies have demonstrated that salient stimuli with a fast-rising profile trigger fast behavioral responses, 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 which could potentially facilitate the emergence of IMS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Interpersonal synchronization of spontaneously generated body movements

Koul¹,

Ahmar²,

Iannetti³

et al. 2023

iScience

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Interpersonal synchronization of spontaneously generated body movements

Koul¹,

Ahmar²,

Iannetti³

et al. 2023

iScience

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“…This appears to be the case for express saccades, which rely on the integrity of the midbrain superior colliculus (SC) and are potentiated by, but not critically reliant on, input from fronto-parietal circuits (Schiller et al, 1987;Edelman and Keller, 1996;Dorris et al, 1997;Dash et al, 2018Dash et al, , 2020. Although the SC has been implicated in mid-flight reach corrections (Day and Brown, 2001;Pruszynski et al, 2016;Reschechtko and Pruszynski, 2020;Suzuki et al, 2022) and interceptions of rapidly moving targets (Perfiliev et al, 2010), debates remain about the comparative role of subcortical versus cortical areas in expedited visually-guided reaching (Fautrelle et al, 2010;Gaveau et al, 2014;Novembre and Iannetti, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Done in 65 ms: Express visuomotor responses in upper limb muscles in Rhesus Macaques

Cecala

Kozak

Pruszynski

2023

Preprint

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How rapidly can the brain transform vision into action? Work in humans has established that the transformation for visually-guided reaching can be remarkably rapid, with the first phase of upper limb muscle recruitment, theexpress visuomotor response, beginning within less than 100 ms of visual target presentation. Such short-latency responses limit the opportunities for extensive cortical processing, leading to the hypothesis that they are generated via the subcortical tectoreticulospinal pathway. Here, we examine if non-human primates (NHPs) exhibit express visuomotor responses. Two male macaques made visually-guided reaches in a behavioral paradigm known to elicit express visuomotor responses in humans, while we acquired intramuscular recordings from the deltoid muscle. Across several variants of this paradigm, express visuomotor responses began within 65 ms (range 48–91 ms) of target presentation. Although the timing of the express visuomotor response did not co-vary with reaction time, larger express visuomotor responses tended to precede shorter latency reaches. Finally, the magnitude of the express visuomotor response was muted on trials where NHPs withheld a reach to one stimulus in order to move to a stimulus appearing 34 ms later in the opposite direction. Overall, the response properties and contextual control of express visuomotor responses in NHPs resemble those in humans. Our results establish a new benchmark for visuomotor transformations underlying visually-guided reaches, setting the stage for experiments that can directly test the comparative role of cortical and subcortical areas in reaching when time is of the essence.Significance statementExpress visuomotor responses in upper limb muscles are brief periods of recruitment preceding visually-guided reaches. Such responses begin ∼90 ms after visual target presentation in humans, and potentially arise from signaling along the tecto-reticulo-spinal pathway. Here, we show that express visuomotor responses in macaques upper limb muscles resemble those in humans, excepting that they evolve ∼65 ms after target onset, consistent with shorter responses latencies in macaques versus humans. Our results clock the completion of the visuomotor transformation for rapid reaching, and set the stage for experiments to directly test the underlying substrates.

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“…Coping with the ever-changing nature of the surrounding environment, the human brain has developed the capacity to initiate rapid and adaptive behavioral responses to salient sensory stimuli, with none or scarce influence of volition. We recently referred to this as Reactive Adaptive Behavior (RAB): salient sensory stimuli elicit fast involuntary behavioral responses that are, however, flexible on the basis of the current environmental context (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, CMR is adaptive, e.g. the amplitude of the force modulations is enhanced if the eliciting stimulus has high behavioral relevance (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cortical mechanism linking saliency detection and motor reactivity in rhesus monkeys

Novembre

Lacal

Benusiglio

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Sudden and surprising sensory events trigger neural processes that swiftly adjust behavior. To study the phylogenesis and the mechanism of this phenomenon, we trained two rhesus monkeys to keep a cursor inside a visual target by exerting force on an isometric joystick. We examined the effect of surprising auditory stimuli on exerted force, scalp electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, and local field potentials (LFP) recorded from the dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex. Auditory stimuli elicited (1) a biphasic modulation of isometric force: a transient decrease followed by a corrective tonic increase, and (2) EEG and LFP deflections dominated by two large negative-positive waves (N70 and P130). The EEG potential was maximal at the scalp vertex, in all respects similar to the human "vertex potential". Electrocortical potentials and force were tightly coupled: the P130 amplitude predicted the magnitude of the corrective force increase, particularly in the EEG electrodes contralateral to the limb exerting force, and in the LFP recorded from deep rather than superficial cortical layers, suggesting a direct effect of the vertex potential on the motor output determining the behavior. These results disclose a phylogenetically-preserved cortico-motor mechanism supporting adaptive behavior in response to salient sensory events.

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Towards a unified neural mechanism for reactive adaptive behaviour

Cited by 9 publications

References 107 publications

Interpersonal synchronization of spontaneously generated body movements

Interpersonal synchronization of spontaneously generated body movements

Done in 65 ms: Express visuomotor responses in upper limb muscles in Rhesus Macaques

A cortical mechanism linking saliency detection and motor reactivity in rhesus monkeys

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