Towards an Implantable, Low Flow Micropump That Uses No Power in the Blocked-Flow State

Johnson, Dean G.; Borkholder, David A.

doi:10.3390/mi7060099

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Other actuation mechanisms can be utilized for pumping by direct pressure on the storing membrane, such as thermal [54], electrolysis [55], phase change [8], or manual [25]. Further, all the aforementioned types of micropumps can be integrated into the outlet microtubing as their inlet port (e.g., [56]). Micropumps can also be fabricated directly around the outlet microtubing at the outlet to minimize leakage due to microfluidic interconnections (e.g., [57,58], iPRECIO ® SMP-300), which has been reported to be challenging [59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 3D-Printed Modular Microreservoir for Drug Delivery

et al. 2020

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Reservoir-based drug delivery microsystems have enabled novel and effective drug delivery concepts in recent decades. These systems typically comprise integrated storing and pumping components. Here we present a stand-alone, modular, thin, scalable, and refillable microreservoir platform as a storing component of these microsystems for implantable and transdermal drug delivery. Three microreservoir capacities (1, 10, and 100 µL) were fabricated with 3 mm overall thickness using stereolithography 3D-printing technology, enabling the fabrication of the device structure comprising a storing area and a refill port. A thin, preformed dome-shaped storing membrane was created by the deposition of parylene-C over a polyethylene glycol sacrificial layer, creating a force-free membrane that causes zero forward flow and insignificant backward flow (2% of total volume) due to membrane force. A septum pre-compression concept was introduced that enabled the realization of a 1-mm-thick septa capable of ~65000 leak-free refill punctures under 100 kPa backpressure. The force-free storing membrane enables using normally-open micropumps for drug delivery, and potentially improves the efficiency and precision of normally-closed micropumps. The ultra-thin septum reduces the thickness of refillable drug delivery devices, and is capable of thousands of leak-free refills. This modular and scalable device can be used for drug delivery in different laboratory animals and humans, as a sampling device, and for lab-on-a-chip and point-of-care diagnostics applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 3D-Printed Modular Microreservoir for Drug Delivery

et al. 2020

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“…In this context a planar micropump based on gallium phase-change actuation which exerts occlusion of the flow channel through expansion during solidification was described ( Johnson and Borkholder, 2016 ). In this way isolation of the drug reservoir was enabled without consuming energy.…”

Section: Implantable Mems Drug Delivery Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Devices for Controlled Drug Release Applications

Mendoza

Scilletta

Bellino

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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In recent years, controlled release of drugs has posed numerous challenges with the aim of optimizing parameters such as the release of the suitable quantity of drugs in the right site at the right time with the least invasiveness and the greatest possible automation. Some of the factors that challenge conventional drug release include longterm treatments, narrow therapeutic windows, complex dosing schedules, combined therapies, individual dosing regimens, and labile active substance administration. In this sense, the emergence of micro-devices that combine mechanical and electrical components, so called micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) can offer solutions to these drawbacks. These devices can be fabricated using biocompatible materials, with great uniformity and reproducibility, similar to integrated circuits. They can be aseptically manufactured and hermetically sealed, while having mobile components that enable physical or analytical functions together with electrical components. In this review we present recent advances in the generation of MEMS drug delivery devices, in which various micro and nanometric structures such as contacts, connections, channels, reservoirs, pumps, valves, needles, and/or membranes can be included in their design and manufacture. Implantable single and multiple reservoir-based and transdermalbased MEMS devices are discussed in terms of fundamental mechanisms, fabrication, performance, and drug release applications.

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“…This meant that considerably smaller samples could be used, reducing costs and increasing analysis speed. Pumps can be mechanical and non-mechanically driven [ 94 , 95 ]. Most mechanical pumps use a membrane to increase and decrease the pressure in a chamber.…”

Section: Micropumpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Vivo Microsystems: A Review

French

2020

Sensors

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In-vivo sensors yield valuable medical information by measuring directly on the living tissue of a patient. These devices can be surface or implant devices. Electrical activity in the body, from organs or muscles can be measured using surface electrodes. For short term internal devices, catheters are used. These include cardiac catheter (in blood vessels) and bladder catheters. Due to the size and shape of the catheters, silicon devices provided an excellent solution for sensors. Since many cardiac catheters are disposable, the high volume has led to lower prices of the silicon sensors. Many catheters use a single sensor, but silicon offers the opportunity to have multi sensors in a single catheter, while maintaining small size. The cardiac catheter is usually inserted for a maximum of 72 h. Some devices may be used for a short-to-medium period to monitor parameters after an operation or injury (1–4 weeks). Increasingly, sensing, and actuating, devices are being applied to longer term implants for monitoring a range of parameters for chronic conditions. Devices for longer term implantation presented additional challenges due to the harshness of the environment and the stricter regulations for biocompatibility and safety. This paper will examine the three main areas of application for in-vivo devices: surface devices and short/medium-term and long-term implants. The issues of biocompatibility and safety will be discussed.

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Towards an Implantable, Low Flow Micropump That Uses No Power in the Blocked-Flow State

Cited by 24 publications

References 42 publications

A 3D-Printed Modular Microreservoir for Drug Delivery

A 3D-Printed Modular Microreservoir for Drug Delivery

Recent Advances in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Devices for Controlled Drug Release Applications

In-Vivo Microsystems: A Review

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