Towards biomimetic electronics that emulate cells

Lubrano, Claudia; Matrone, Giovanni Maria; Forró, Csaba; Jahed, Zeinab; Offenhäeusser, Andreas; Salleo, Alberto; Cui, Bianxiao; Santoro, Francesca

doi:10.1557/mrc.2020.56

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…The exponential increase in the volume of studies points to the significance of the plasma membrane as an important target for drug discovery and development [9], with the majority of studies focusing on improving the membrane model and its fidelity. To elevate this field and increase impact, focus needs to be placed on improving the sensing capabilities for these models as well as their translational capabilities, areas where bioelectronic materials and technologies are anticipated to play a major role [10,11]. Indeed, as recently mentioned in a progress report in Nature Materials, "cell membranes with their complex mixture of proteins, lipids and sugars could be extracted and transferred onto electronic sensors, a 'wolf in sheep's clothing' approach to sensing and transduction" [12].…”

Section: The Significance Of the Cell Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Biomembranes in bioelectronic sensing

Jayaram

Pappa

Ghosh

et al. 2022

Trends in Biotechnology

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Section: The Significance Of the Cell Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Biomembranes in bioelectronic sensing

Jayaram

Pappa

Ghosh

et al. 2022

Trends in Biotechnology

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“…In addition, the integrated sensing of electrochemical signals [ 402 ] would allow correlating the neurotransmitter release with electrical signal propagation within the neuronal network, opening the possibility for more complex closed-loop paradigms based on multi-parameter sensing. Ultimately, closed-loop approaches foresee an adaptive BoC platform, wherein the bioengineered brain tissue could be coupled to artificial neuron-like devices (i.e., neuromorphic systems) for fully autonomous functional biohybrids capable of self-reconfiguration [ 402 , 403 ]. However, at the present time, there is no platform offering these features in a fully integrated single chip.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Technology Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiology Read-Out Tools for Brain-on-Chip Biotechnology

et al. 2021

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Brain-on-Chip (BoC) biotechnology is emerging as a promising tool for biomedical and pharmaceutical research applied to the neurosciences. At the convergence between lab-on-chip and cell biology, BoC couples in vitro three-dimensional brain-like systems to an engineered microfluidics platform designed to provide an in vivo-like extrinsic microenvironment with the aim of replicating tissue- or organ-level physiological functions. BoC therefore offers the advantage of an in vitro reproduction of brain structures that is more faithful to the native correlate than what is obtained with conventional cell culture techniques. As brain function ultimately results in the generation of electrical signals, electrophysiology techniques are paramount for studying brain activity in health and disease. However, as BoC is still in its infancy, the availability of combined BoC–electrophysiology platforms is still limited. Here, we summarize the available biological substrates for BoC, starting with a historical perspective. We then describe the available tools enabling BoC electrophysiology studies, detailing their fabrication process and technical features, along with their advantages and limitations. We discuss the current and future applications of BoC electrophysiology, also expanding to complementary approaches. We conclude with an evaluation of the potential translational applications and prospective technology developments.

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“…Building on the concept of a direct tissue-electronic coupling, the recent progress of neuromorphic electronics [555] demonstrates how only by processing biological-like inputs from multiple sources, through a brain-mimicking architecture, an artificial device establishes a reliable communication with the brain. [556] In this regard, neuromorphic devices, computing units whose functions mimic the plasticity of neurons by modulation of their conductance states, are conventionally able to receive as inputs biological-like signals. [557,558] These are currently passing from a simple software replicated or mediated version to direct inputs coming from brain recordings.…”

Section: Mimicking Brain Functions Toward Neuromorphic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conductive Polymer‐Based Bioelectronic Platforms toward Sustainable and Biointegrated Devices: A Journey from Skin to Brain across Human Body Interfaces

Bettucci

Matrone

Santoro

2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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the human's body toward medical applications. [1] Coupling electronics with human tissues allows sensing, stimulating and possibly regulating biological functions. On these premises, a key paradigm of bioelectronics is to preserve the functionality of the biological environment upon coupling, in order to "observe biology through non-perturbing lenses". However, aiming to a seamless interface, the properties of common electronic components, based on metals or inorganic semiconductors, have major limitations to comply with the coupling requirements for cells, organs, and tissues. [2] In fact, inorganic materials might display mechanical rigidity (high Young's modulus ≈100 GPa), [3,4] surface degradation phenomena (oxidation) [5] and surface structure which increases interface capacitance. [6,7] Organic materials have so emerged combining mechanical flexibility, compatibility with large area and different surface functionalization processes, while keeping high electrical conductivity and reproducibility. [8,9] Particularly, these materials intrinsically display key properties such as tunable surface roughness, [10] surface chemical reactivity 11 , and Young's moduli ranging from 20 kPa to 3 GPa, [11,12] approaching the modulus of living tissue (10 kPa [13] ). However, the diversity of biological landscapes offered by the different human tissues, in terms of mechanical flexibility, interface functionalization, accessibility and biological activities defines sets of requirements so stringent that commonly for each tissue/organ coupling ad hoc devices and platforms have been developed. Hence, examining the three major human's body interfaces targeted by bioelectronics applications (skin, heart, and brain), this review focuses on the strategies that can be adopted by employing organic materials such as surface patterning, novel material synthesis and bio-functionalization in order to enhance tissue/organ-specific coupling performances. These aspects are investigated highlighting current and future main challenges and providing perspectives on the development of the next generation organic bioelectronics devices, thus envisioning systems that are: 1) able to adapt their interface in shape and size to comply with different curvilinear and hierarchical biological architectures and 2) combine sensing and stimulation to dynamically control biological functions for biomedical applications.

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Towards biomimetic electronics that emulate cells

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 15 publications

References 94 publications

Biomembranes in bioelectronic sensing

Biomembranes in bioelectronic sensing

Electrophysiology Read-Out Tools for Brain-on-Chip Biotechnology

Conductive Polymer‐Based Bioelectronic Platforms toward Sustainable and Biointegrated Devices: A Journey from Skin to Brain across Human Body Interfaces

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