Towards cognitive tools: Systems engineering aspects for public safety and security

Koch, Wolfgang

doi:10.1109/maes.2014.130213

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Techniques like vision, speech analysis, and gait analysis using AI can be applied by interviewers, interrogators, and security personnel to detect potential deception and criminal behaviour. The TSA is working on a comprehensive airport security project, including DARMS, a personalized protection system based on risk categories and flight details (Koch, 2014).…”

Section: Artificial Intelligence Enhanced Community Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediating Role of Organizational Learning in the Relationship between Use of Artificial Intelligence Security Technology and Community Security

Mohammed Almakki Alhajeri,

Mohd Safian

2023

IJSCET

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This study focuses on developing a robust model to augment community security through the implementation of AI, while simultaneously investigating the mediating influence of organizational learning within the context of vital AI factors in the UAE. The model examines the interplay among key AI elements, such as compatibility (COMPAT), complexity (COMPLEX), management support (MS), ethics (ETH), and staff capabilities (SC), concerning their impact on the effectiveness of Community Security (ESC). Data collection was conducted via a questionnaire survey utilizing the Abu Dhabi Police as a representative case study for public organizations in the UAE, involving 138 participants spanning both managerial and operational roles, with responses acquired through randomized distribution using online tools. The amassed data was employed to construct the model using SmartPLS software, and its evaluation adhered to assessment criteria encompassing measurement and structural components. A goodness-of-fit score of 0.751 indicated a high level of overall predictive performance for the model. The study's findings revealed that organizational learning (OL) serves as a partial mediator in the relationship between the complexity construct (COMPLEX) and the effectiveness of Community Security (ESC), with no observed mediation effects in other relationships. The research outcomes culminated in the creation of a versatile model that enhances community security through AI technology, applicable across diverse scenarios, and benefiting individuals invested in AI and community security, such as academics, researchers, and practitioners. The study's methodology provides valuable insights for practitioners and researchers in the UAE and related fields, affording opportunities for replication or adaptation to suit specific investigative contexts.

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Section: Artificial Intelligence Enhanced Community Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediating Role of Organizational Learning in the Relationship between Use of Artificial Intelligence Security Technology and Community Security

Mohammed Almakki Alhajeri,

Mohd Safian

2023

IJSCET

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“…The localisation of the individual carrying hazardous material is a complex problem. The fusion of chemical sensor data with the data from optical cameras can be used for tracking of the suspect [36]. Accurate person localisation is achieved through the fusion of different sensor data in narrow corridor spaces.…”

Section: Chemical Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Video Analytics for Rail Network Surveillance for Security, Trespass and Suicide Prevention—A Survey

Zhang

Aftab

Mihaylova

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Railway networks systems are by design open and accessible to people, but this presents challenges in the prevention of events such as terrorism, trespass, and suicide fatalities. With the rapid advancement of machine learning, numerous computer vision methods have been developed in closed-circuit television (CCTV) surveillance systems for the purposes of managing public spaces. These methods are built based on multiple types of sensors and are designed to automatically detect static objects and unexpected events, monitor people, and prevent potential dangers. This survey focuses on recently developed CCTV surveillance methods for rail networks, discusses the challenges they face, their advantages and disadvantages and a vision for future railway surveillance systems. State-of-the-art methods for object detection and behaviour recognition applied to rail network surveillance systems are introduced, and the ethics of handling personal data and the use of automated systems are also considered.

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“…This is particularly true when it is used for defense, i.e., for protecting the Common Good of nations or coalitions of nations against external physical threats, i.e., against military threats emanating from other nations and nonstate actors. There are nonphysical, e.g., economic or ideological, 3 and internal threats as well, e.g., those related to public security [15], which we exclude here.…”

Section: Ai In Defense and The Common Goodmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Digital Ethics for Artificial Intelligence and Information Fusion in the Defense Domain

Koch

2021

IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag.

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TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR MINDS AND WILLS"Intelligence" and "autonomy" are omnipresent phenomena in the biosphere. Before any scientific reflection or technical realization, all living creatures fuse sensory perceptions with information they have learned themselves and received from other creatures. This gives them a model of their environment, the basis to act appropriately for reaching their goals and avoiding harm. In the technosphere, artificial intelligence (AI) and information fusion (IF) combined with comprehensive automation provide technical tools that enhance the perceptive mind and active will of persons who alone are capable to perceive consciously and to act responsibly. We, thus, deliberately leave the term "AI" imprecisely defined here. For us, it comprises not only machine or deep learning, e.g., but a whole world of algorithms, including approaches to Bayesian learning.As illustrated in Figure 1, algorithms, realized by the craft and art of programming and enabled by qualitatively and quantitatively appropriate testing and training data, drive a data processing cycle that starts from elementary real-time sensor signals and observer reports collected from multiple and heterogeneous sources. IF combines these streams of mass data with context knowledge and provides pieces of mission-relevant information at several levels that are integrated into comprehensive and near real-time situational awareness pictures. On their basis, decision makers become aware of the current situation and decide to act according to the ends of their mission in a challenging environment. Algorithms transform their acts of will into partially or fully automated command sequences for controlling networking platforms, sensors, and effectors. Among the AI algorithms are neural networks and machine learning. The "world of algorithms," however, comprises much more than this particular type of information processing schemes. Thus, algorithms, based on applied mathematics and running on powerful computing devices (for a German perspective on quantum computing, see [1]), are the scientific core for designing cognitive and volitive tools that assist intelligent minds and autonomous wills in the "world of human beings." The concepts of mind and will and, therefore, of consciousness and responsibility bring natural beings into view that are "somebody" and not "something," i.e., persons, and open up ethical dimensions.The USAF General John E. Hyten (b. 1959), Vice-Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, has characterized this situation by rephrasing a passage from John F. Kennedy's (1917Kennedy's ( -1963 famous Moon Speech."We set sail on this new sea because there is new knowledge to be gained, and new rights to be won, and they must be won and used for the progress of all people. For [artificial intelligence], like nuclear science and technology, has no conscience of its own. Whether it will become a force for good or ill depends on man, [. . .] whether this new ocean will be a sea of peace or a new terrifying theater of war."[2], [3] ...

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Towards cognitive tools: Systems engineering aspects for public safety and security

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Mediating Role of Organizational Learning in the Relationship between Use of Artificial Intelligence Security Technology and Community Security

Mediating Role of Organizational Learning in the Relationship between Use of Artificial Intelligence Security Technology and Community Security

Recent Advances in Video Analytics for Rail Network Surveillance for Security, Trespass and Suicide Prevention—A Survey

On Digital Ethics for Artificial Intelligence and Information Fusion in the Defense Domain

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