This paper proposes a methodology to develop high quality MLOs throughout five phases: analysis, design, development, assessment, and publishing. MOAM was assessed with important results given that MLOs comply with technical aspects such as reusability, interoperability, portability and take into account educational objectives, learning content, assessment, and learning styles.
K E Y W O R D Smethodology, mobile device features, mobile learning objects, pedagogical and technical aspects
| INTRODUCTIONMobile devices are present in the daily life of million people. In the educational literature, there is an special interest in exploring and exploting the use of mobile devices as learning resources, specially in the field known as mobile learning (m-learning) [20]. M-learning refers to the acquisition of knowledge and skills at anytime and everywhere through technologies [8]. The development of m-learning has been supported since different points of view; however, mobile learning objects (MLOs) are considered key components. MLOs are interactive, adaptable, and digital resources designed to accomplish an educational aim into learning environments that are executed on mobile devices; some MLOs support different learning approaches and interaction mechanisms [11]. Therefore, the MLOs construction should take into account pedagogical and technical aspects during its design and implementation in order to improve technical features such as reusability and adaptability [2]. For example, the use of the Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) [3] in the development of MLOs would facilitate sharing MLOs among diverse Learning Content Management Systems (LCMS), or the incorporation of the Learning Object Metadata (LOM) to identify MLOs and describe their metadata would help to support reusability and interoperability [10,24]. At the same time, in order to reach determined educational aims, the pedagogical aspects such as content, learning activities, and assessments must be considered during the development of MLOs [2].There are methodologies in the literature such as [5,12,13,18,27,29,30,34] and which addressed the development of MLOs. However, these methodologies do not take into account pedagogical elements such as the learning styles of the potential users neither technological aspects related with the MLOs performance given the multiple platforms of mobile devices. Because individuals have different skills and capacities, it would be desirable that a MLO enables customization to include user preferences and learning styles in its instructional design [26,35]. Additionally, it is important to consider pedagogical aspects as the selection of the learning content, technical aspects related with the adaptability and visibility of MLOs independently of physical features as the size of the screen or software features as the operative system that supports the different mobile devices of users such as cell phones, smart phones, laptops, or tablets [23].This paper proposes a methodology to design and implement ML...