Towards Enhanced Detection of Chemical Agents: Design and Development of a Microfabricated Preconcentrator

Pai, R.S.; McGill, R. Andrew; Stepnowski, S.; Stepnowski, Jennifer L.; Williams, K. Paige; Summers, Huw D.; Furstenberg, Robert; Rake, Matthew; Nguyen, Viet; Simonson, Duane L.; Higgins, Bernadette A.; Kendziora, Christopher A.; Houser, Eric J.

doi:10.1109/sensor.2007.4300627

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The device is a variant of our previously reported preconcentrator design [3,4,6,17]. It is composed of a 3 μm thick polyimide membrane, with two serpentine platinum heaters (35 μm wide×0.5 μm thick) on the top side and a 0.1 μm thick aluminum layer on the back, Fig.…”

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of stacked, flow-through micropreconcentrators for portable trace detection

Martin

Roussel

Cambron

et al. 2010

Int. J. Ion Mobil. Spec.

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Improving techniques for portable trace analyte collection and pretreatment is of critical concern for security, medical, food and environmental applications. The trend has been to employ MEMS technologies to meet this need as these microfabricated devices offer advantages such as small dead volumes, low power consumption, capacity for large scale manufacture and a commensurate savings with economies of scale. In this work a prototype trace sampling system intended for use with ion mobility spectrometers is presented. The system utilizes a stack of microfabricated preconcentrator plates capable of collecting samples in a sorbent polymer at flow rates up to 30 LPM. The plates are thermally desorbed after an integration period to produce a concentrated vapor plug that is transferred to the detector for analysis. A real-time controller, FPGA and custom electronics are used to manage independent heating of up to 4 of these devices in either constant voltage or temperature modes. The preconcentrators were tested with a commercial Vapor Tracer II IMS against TNT and RDX vapors ranging in concentration from 2.6 PPT to 620 PPT under a variety of conditions. Results are presented on performance of single preconcentrators with RDX, multiple cascaded devices vs. TNT and RDX, with and without a PDMS detector inlet membrane, and to compare sorbent coated and bare devices. The system demonstrated preconcentration factors of 38 with 2.6 PPT RDX and 30 with 13 PPT TNT.

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Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of stacked, flow-through micropreconcentrators for portable trace detection

Martin

Roussel

Cambron

et al. 2010

Int. J. Ion Mobil. Spec.

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“… metal fibres covered with an adsorbing material [6],  cylindrical tube coated with thin layer of a resistively heated material [6],  micro-electro-mechanical structures (MEMS) [7],  perforated polyimide hotplates [8][9][10][11][12],  3D planar concentrator [13,14],  chemical devices [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explosives Vapors–Concentrating and Optoelectronic Detection

Wojtas¹,

Rutecka²,

Popiel³

et al. 2014

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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Detection of explosives vapors is an extremely difficult task. The sensitivity of currently constructed detectors is often insufficient. The paper presents a description of an explosive vapors concentrator that improves the detection limit of some explosives detectors. These detectors have been developed at the Institute of Optoelectronics. The concentrator is especially dedicated to operate with nitrogen oxide detectors. Preliminary measurements show that using the concentrator, the recorded amount of nitrogen dioxide released from a 0.5 ng sample of TNT increases by a factor of approx. 20. In the concentrator an induction heater is applied. Thanks to this and because of the miniaturization of the container with an adsorbing material (approx. 1 cm 3 ), an extremely high rate of temperature growth is achieved (up to 500 °C within approx. 25 s). The concentration process is controlled by a microcontroller. Compact construction and battery power supply provide a possibility of using the concentrator as a portable device.

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“…Trace level detection of toxic or hazardous chemicals including explosives, chemical agents, and toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) is an area of significant importance for military and civilian applications 1–4. Applications for sorbent polymers in this area may include preconcentrator devices, SPME fibers, membrane introduction systems, chromatography, and gas or vapor sensors 5–20. The focus of this work centers on the synthesis and characterization of sorbent polymers for h‐b basic analytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The focus of this work centers on the synthesis and characterization of sorbent polymers for h‐b basic analytes. Of particular interest are hazardous chemicals including explosives and chemical warfare agents [e.g., 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene (TNT), cyclo‐1,3,5‐trimethylene‐2,4,6‐trinitramine (RDX), triacetonetriperoxide (TATP), Sarin (GB), and Tabun (GA)] 10, 21–29. In general, the low vapor pressure of these hazardous chemicals can make direct vapor detection challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Targeting the h‐b basic solubility properties of these analytes, materials have been developed with complementary h‐b acidic properties 4, 7, 11–19, 30–35. Sorbent polymer coatings with enhanced h‐b acidic properties have been developed by the US Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and others since the 1970s 6, 7, 9, 10, 21–26, 33–39. The early h‐b acidic sorbent polymers incorporated hydroxyl derivatives including alcohol, carboxylic acid, or phenolic groups 20, 31, 32.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and characterization of a hyperbranched hydrogen bond acidic carbosilane sorbent polymer

Higgins¹,

Simonson²,

Houser³

et al. 2010

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Sorbent polymers can be designed to target molecular interactions with a variety of hazardous chemicals including explosives, chemical agents, narcotics, and toxic industrial chemicals. Applications of functionalized sorbent polymers include preconcentrator devices, SPME fibers, membrane introduction systems, chromatographic stationary phases and coatings for chemical sensors. One common feature of a wide range of hazardous chemicals is their hydrogen bond (h-b) basicity. In this work, we report on the synthesis and characterization of a h-b acidic hyperbranched carbosilane fluoroalcohol based sorbent polymer (poly(methyldi(1,1,1-trifluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-2-hydroxypent-4-enyl)silane; HCSFA2), which is suitable for sorbing these hazardous h-b basic analytes. Multiple batches of HCSFA2 were characterized with routine composition, spectroscopic, thermal analysis, and inverse gas chromatography (iGC) to evaluate polymer physicochemical properties. In comparison with previously developed h-b acidic polymers (e.g., FPOL and SXFA), HCSFA2 exhibits a sorption improvement of 10-15 fold for h-b basic analytes. V C 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 3000-3009, 2010

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Towards Enhanced Detection of Chemical Agents: Design and Development of a Microfabricated Preconcentrator

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

Performance of stacked, flow-through micropreconcentrators for portable trace detection

Performance of stacked, flow-through micropreconcentrators for portable trace detection

Explosives Vapors–Concentrating and Optoelectronic Detection

Synthesis and characterization of a hyperbranched hydrogen bond acidic carbosilane sorbent polymer

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